Curriculum Vitae

Edward Waters Hood

 

 Professor of Spanish                                                        Tel: (928) 523–9635  

           Department of Modern Languages                               Fax: (928) 523–0963

           Northern Arizona University                                         Edward.Hood@nau
           Flagstaff, AZ 86011–6004                                                http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~ewh

   

EDUCATION

 

Ph.D., Spanish, University of California, Irvine, 1990. Major field of concentration: Spanish American Prose Fiction  Dissertation:  “La repetición autointertextual en la ficción de Gabriel García Márquez”

 

M. A., Spanish, San Diego State University, 1984

 

M. A., Political Science, Western Illinois University, 1980. Thesis: “Nationalism in Puerto Rican Politics: A Clarification of the Status Debate”

 

B. A., Political Science, 1977, B.A., Spanish, 1979, Western Illinois University

 

 

ACADEMIC GRANTS & HONORS

 

Fulbright Fellowship

 

Teaching and research in Central American Literature in Honduras (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Spring, 1997)

 

President’s Recruitment & Retention Grant

     

      “Heritage Speaker Recruitment,” 2003

 

Summer Organized Research Grants, Northern Arizona University

 

2004, Translation of Narrative Texts by Mario Monteforte Toledo, Mario

            Roberto Morales y William Lemus

 

1999, Translation of Caracol y otros cuentos by Enrique Jaramillo Levi

 

1998, Translation of Caperucita en la zona roja by Manlio Argueta

 

1996, Translation of Señores bajo los árboles by Mario R. Morales

 

1994, The Novel in Nicaragua

 

1992, Contemporary Nicaraguan Narrative


 

TEACHING EXPERIENCE

 

Professor of Spanish at Northern Arizona University, 2002– ; Associate 1996–2002; Assistant 1991–1996

 

GRADUATE COURSE

 

Topics in Latin American Literature: El arte de Gabriel García Márquez (Fall 2004)

 

   UNDERGRADUATE COURSES

 

Literature:

 

Introduction to Hispanic Literature

Spanish American Civilization

Survey of Spanish American Literature

The Novels and Films of the Mexican Revolution

Twentieth Century Mexican Literature

Central American Narrative

The Novels and Films of Gabriel García Márquez

 

Language:

 

Intermediate Oral Communication

Intermediate Composition

Advanced Oral Communication

Advanced Composition

First-Year Spanish

Second-Year Spanish

Spanish Immersion (intensive first & second year language)

 

 

INDEPENDENT STUDIES OFFERED

 

Central American Testimonial Literature

Juan Rulfo and Mexico

The Short Fiction of Gabriel García Márquez 

The Novels and Films of Gabriel García Márquez

The Contemporary Nicaraguan Novel

The Novels of Rosario Castellanos

Contemporary Spanish Drama

The Spanish American Short Story

The Central American Short Story

Testimonial Discourse

Contemporary Spain

Twentieth Century Mexican Literature

Spain’s Cultural Legacy in Latin America

Literary Translation

Latin American Female Novelists


 

Assistant Professor of Spanish at Coastal Carolina University, 1989–1991

 

COURSES

 

Literary Movements and Masterpieces of Latin America     

                  First & Second Year Spanish, Intensive First-Year Spanish

 

 

RESEARCH & PUBLICATIONS

 

Literary Criticism

 

La ficción de Gabriel García Márquez, 1947-2004: la poética de la repetición. Guatemala City: F & G Editores, 2006.  In press.

 

La ficción de Gabriel García Márquez: repetición e intertextualidad. New York: Peter Lang, 1993.

 

A fragment of La ficción de Gabriel García Márquez: repetición e intertextualidad to appear in an anthology of Latin American literary criticism in Polish. University of Wroclaw.

 

Translations of Central American Novels

 

The Bugler [El corneta (1981)] by Roberto Castillo. Lantham, MD: University Press of America, 2000.

 

Face of the Earth, Heart of the Sky [Señores bajo los árboles (1994)] by Mario Roberto Morales. Tempe, AZ: Bilingual Press, 1999.

 

Little Red Riding Hood in the Red Light District [Caperucita en la zona roja (1977)] by Manlio Argueta. Willimantic, CT: Curbstone Press, 1998.

 

The Lost Chronicles of Terra Firma [La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies (1992)] by Rosario Aguilar. Fredonia, NY: White Pine Press, 1997.

 

 

 

Student Edition of Novel

 

El corneta (1981) by Roberto Castillo. Unabridged text with preface, notes, exercises, and vocabulary. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall Hunt Publishers, 1996.

 

 

Articles & Conference Proceedings

 

“La recontextualización cinematográfica de El coronel no tiene quien le escriba.” In preparation.

 

“La invención de la memoria en Vivir para contarla de Gabriel García Márquez.” In preparation.

 

“La historia de Lluvia en Milagro de la Paz de Manlio Argueta y ‘La lluvia’ de Arturo Uslar Pietri.” To appear in a anthology of critical essays.  Edited by Linda J. Craft. In press.

 

“From Poet to Novelist: Gioconda Belli and the Sandinista Revolution.” Ixquic No 4 (2003): 48-58.

 

“¿Ha salido ya el tren?: ‘El guardagujas’ de Juan José Arreola e ‘Información ferroviaria’ de Peter Handke.” Alba de América 21.39-40 (2002): 359-368.

 

“Honduras en la cruz: El corneta de Roberto Castillo.” Antípodas 14 (2002): 143-149.

 

“Compromiso estético y social de Enrique Jaramillo Levi.” In La confabulación creativa de Enrique Jaramillo Levi. Yolanda J. Hackshaw M., ed. Panama: C. S. A., 2000, 157163.

 

 “Búsqueda de identidad histórico-literaria en La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies de Rosario Aguilar.” In Visiones y revisiones de la literatura centroamericana, edited by Jorge Román-Lagunas. Ciudad de Guatemala: Oscar de León Palacios, 2000: 189–199.

 

“La novela en Nicaragua: una bibliografía tentativa.” Revista Interamericana de Bibliografía 48.1 (1998): 143–152.

 

“Tragedia de la paz, Milagro de la Paz: del testimonio al intimismo en las novelas de Manlio Argueta.” Antípodas 10 (1998): 119–127.

 

“ ‘La larga vida feliz de Margarito Duarte.’ Milagro en Roma y ‘La santa’ de Gabriel García Márquez: del periódico al cine al cuento.” Quaderni Ibero-Americaní 80 (1996): 97–104.

 

“El proceso revolucionario en Nicaragua visto por tres narradoras: Rosario Aguilar, Gioconda Belli y Mónica Zalaquett.” Proceedings of the Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies 16 (1994): 99–109.

 

“La narrativa nicaragüense actual: los novelistas.” La literatura centroamericana: visiones y revisiones, edited by Jorge Román-Lagunas. Edwin Mellen Press, 1993: 75–84. A version of preceding article appeared in La Prensa Literaria [literary supplement of La Prensa, Managua, Nicaragua (28 de mayo de 1994): 1 & 8].

 

“Form and Content in Cabezas Lacayo's Works: testimonio literario, literatura testimonial.Proceedings of the Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies 15.1-2 (1991/1992): 87–95.

 

“The Liberator in the Literary Labyrinth of Gabriel García Márquez.” Annals of the South Eastern Council for Latin American Studies 22 (1991): 68–73.

 

Articles Reprinted

 

“Honduras en la cruz: El corneta de Roberto Castillo.” Versions of this article appeared in Magazine Literario [literary supplement of El Tiempo, San Pedro Sula, Honduras (4 de marzo, 1995): 12 & 13] and Vida [literary supplement of El Heraldo, Tegucigalpa, Honduras (1ero de septiembre de 2001): 45B.

 

“La narrativa nicaragüense actual: los novelistas.” A version of this article appeared in La Prensa Literaria [literary supplement of La Prensa, Managua, Nicaragua (28 de mayo de 1994): 1 & 8].

 

Encyclopedia Essays

 

“Manlio Argueta.” Reference Guide to World Literature, 3rd ed. Saint James Press, 2003: 66–67.

 

“Gioconda Belli 1948— Nicaraguan poet and novelist.” Encyclopedia of Latin American Literature.  London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 1997: 108–109.

 

Short Translations

 

“The Prison” and “Silence.” [“La prisión” and “El silencio” (short stories) by Nicasio Urbina. To appear in Connecticut Review  XXVII.2 (Fall 2005): 187-190.

 

“Doña Ana,” Excerpt from The Lost Chronicles of Terra Firme (La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies (1992) by Rosario Aguilar. In A Secret Weavers Anthology, edited by Andrea O’Reilly Herrera. Fredonia, N.Y.: White Pine Press, 1998: 159–163.

 

“Scenes of Lake Atitlán.” Chapter from Señores bajo los árboles (novel, 1994) by Mario Roberto Morales. The Literary Review 41.1 (1997): 5–19.

 

“The Poor Angel.” [“El ángel pobre,” (short story) (1941)] by Joaquín Pasos. Machete 1.2 (1996): 48–51.

 

Interviews

 

“Conversación con Oscar Núñez Olivas.” Alba de América 24: 45 & 46 (2005): 573581.

 

“Un testigo del siglo veinte: entrevista con Mario Monteforte Toledo.” Alba de América 23.43-44 (2004): 607–613.

“Una odisea artística: entrevista con Mario Bencastro,” Alba de América 21.39-40 (2002): 565-576.

 

“El expediente literario de Linda Berrón.” Caribe 4.1 (2001): 40–47.

 

“El ojo del cielo perdido: entrevista con Nicasio Urbina.” South Eastern Latin Americanist 44.3 (2000): 66–81.

 

“Entrevista a Roberto Sosa: la poesía ha sido mi centro vital.” Cultura: Revista del Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y el Arte (El Salvador) 85 (1999): 94–100.

 

“Literatura, género e historia en Nicaragua: entrevista con Mónica Zalaquett.” Alba de América 19.35 (2000): 571–584

 

“En torno al cuento: entrevista con Enrique Jaramillo Levi.” Maga: Revista Panameña de Cultura 3a Epoca N° 36 (1999): 14–17.

 

“Entrevista con Galel Cárdenas Amador: literatura y política en Honduras.” Alba de América 18.33/34 (1998): 387–395.

 

“Entrevista con Roberto Quesada: de la banana a la manzana.” Alba de América 16.30/31 (1998): 501–516.

 

“Entrevista con Roberto Castillo.” ispamérica 26.76/77 (1997): 125–131.

“Conversación con Manlio Argueta.” With Michael Miller, Luis Alvárez and Roy Boland. 18 Conejo (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras) 10.80 (1997): 10–1.

 

“Entrevista con Mario Roberto Morales: la novela y el testimonio en Centroamérica.” Alba de América 14.26/27 (1996): 529–545.

 

“El libro en Honduras: entrevista con Mario Argueta.” South Eastern Latin Americanist 38.3 (1995): 11–16.

 

“La literatura nicaragüense contemporánea: entrevista con Ernesto Cardenal.” Revista de Estudios Colombianos y Latinoamericanos 12/13 (1994): 82–84.

 

“Sergio Ramírez.” Revista de Estudios Colombianos y Latinoamericanos 12/13 (1994): 72–75.

 

“Entrevista con Gioconda Belli.” Chasqui 23.2 (1994): 125–131.

 

“Literatura y revolución en Nicaragua: entrevista con Julio Valle-Castillo.” South Eastern Latin Americanist 36.3 (1993): 1–5.

“Testimonio de mis testimonios, Omar Cabezas (Sobre preguntas de Edward Waters Hood).” Hispamérica 22.64/65 (1993): 111–120.

 

“El proceso literario nicaragüense: entrevista con Lisandro Chávez Alfaro.” La Universidad: Revista de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua 2.5 (1993): 20–24.

 

“Una conversación con Rosario Aguilar.” South Eastern Latin Americanist 36.2 (1993) 15–21.

 

Interviews in English Translation

 

“Testimonio about My Testimonios: Omar Cabezas Lacayo.” Translated by S. Serena Grey. Denver Quarterly  31.2 (1996): 79–91.

 

“Novel and Testimonio in Central America: Interview with Mario Roberto Morales.” Translated by S. Serena Grey. South Eastern Latin Americanist 40.1/2 (1996): 35–47.

 

Interview in Textbook

 

“En torno al cuento: entrevista con Enrique Jaramillo Levi.” In Conexiones (2nd ed.) Zayas-Bazán, Bacon and García, eds. Prentice Hall (2001): 24. This selection will also appear in a high school version of Conexiones.

 

Reprints of Interviews

 

“Enrique Jaramillo Levi, imagen del cuento panameño,” in La Prensa Literaria (literary supplement of La Prensa, Managua, Nicaragua [16 de marzo de 2002].

 

“Del infierno al milagro: conversación con Manlio Argueta,” in Antípodas 10 (1998): 81–88.

 

“Sergio Ramírez, ex vice presidente y actual candidato a la presidencia de Nicaragua: ‘De la política no puedo escaparme...’” Nosotros los latinos 1.10 (1996): 14, 16.

 

 

 

Book Reviews

 

González, Ann B., Sí pero no, Fabían Dobles and the Postcolonial Challenge.  Associated University Presses, 2005.  The Latin Americanist. In press.

 

Tillis, Antonio D.  Manuel Zapata Olivella and the Darkening of Latin American Literature. University of Missouri Press, 2005.  Revista de Estudios Hispánicos  xl.2 (mayo 2006): 440-441.

 

Márquez, Gabriel. Memoria de mis putas tristes. Vintage Books, 2004. World Literature Today  79.3 (2005): 105.

 

Mosby, Dorothy. Place, Language, and Identity in Afro-Costa Rican Literature. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003. World Literature Today 78: 3-4 (2004): 157.

 

Craven, David. Art and Revolution in Latin America, 1910-1990. Yale University Press, 2002.  South Eastern Latin Americanist. 48: 2 (2005): 105-107.

 

Moreiras, Alberto. The Exhaustion of Difference: The Politics of Latin American Cultural Studies. South Eastern Latin Americanist (Winter / Spring 2003): 176–177.

 

Castillo, Roberto. La guerra mortal de los sentidos. World Literature Today 77.2 (2003): 143.

 

García Márquez, Gabriel. Vivir para contarla. World Literature Today 77.2 (2003): 75. 

 

Ramírez, Sergio. Sombras nada más. World Literature Today 73:3-4 (2003): 142.

 

White, Stephen. El mundo más que humano en la poesía de Pablo Antonio Cuadra: un estudio ecocrítico. World Literature Today 73:3-4 (2003): 147.

 

Ramírez, Sergio. Margarita, está linda la mar. World Literatura Today 76.2 (2002): 236–237.

 

Morales, Mario Roberto. Los que se fueron por la libre. World Literature Today 74.1 (2000): 120–121.

 

Bencastro, Mario. Odisea del norte. World Literature Today 74.4 (2000): 120–121.

 

González Echevarría, Roberto, and Enrique Pupo-Walker, eds. The Cambridge History of Latin American Literature.  World Literature Today 73.2 (1999): 310.

 

Jaramillo Levi, Enrique. The Shadow: Thirteen Stories in Opposition. Trans. Samuel A.

Zimmerman. World Literature Today  72.1 (1998): 111.

 

Gugelberger, George M., ed. The Real Thing: Testimonial Discourse and Latin America.  World Literature Today  72.1 (1998): 110.

 

Argueta, Manlio. Caperucita en la zona roja. World Literature Today 72.1 (1998): 107.

 

Craft, Linda. Novels of Testimony and Resistance from Central America. World Literature Today 72.4 (1998) 807–808.

 

Urbina, Nicasio. Sintaxis de un signo. World Literature Today 71.1 (1997): 123.           

 

Dobles, Fabián. Years Like Brief Days. Trans. Joan Henry. World Literature Today 71.2 (1997): 360–361.

 

Castellón, Blanca. Ama del espíritu. World Literature Today 71. 1 (1997): 121–122.

 

De Lión, Luis. El tiempo principia en Xibalbá. World Literature Today 71.2 (1997): 353–354.

 

Jaramillo Levi, Enrique, and Leland H. Chambers, eds. Contemporary Short Stories from Central America. World Literature Today 70.1 (1996): 171–172.

 

Morales, Mario Roberto. Señores bajo los árboles. World Literature Today 70.1 (1996): 166–167.

 

Argueta, Manlio. Milagro de la Paz. World Literature Today 70.1 (1996): 165.

 

Brintrup, Lilianet. Viaje y escritura: viajeros románticos chilenos. Hispania 78.1 (1995): 67–68.

 

Dawes, Greg. Aesthetics and Revolution: Nicaraguan Poetry, 19791990. Hispamérica  24.71 (1995): 121–122.

 

Bravo, Alejandro. Reina de corazones. World Literature Today  69.1 (1995): 103.

 

Morales, Mario Roberto. Señores bajo los árboles. Siglo Veintiuno (Guatemala City, 31 de diciembre de 1995): 21.

 

Aguilar, Rosario. La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies. World Literature Today 67.4 (1993): 780 & Chasqui 24.1 (1995): 77–79.

 

Bravo, Alejandro. Reina de corazones. Nuevo Amanecer Cultural (El Nuevo Diario, Managua, Nicaragua, 11 de febrero de 1995): 4.

 

García Márquez, Gabriel. Del amor y otros demonios. World Literature Today 69.2 (1995): 327–328.

 

García Aguilar, Eduardo. Urbes luminosas. Revista de Estudios Colombianos y Latinoamericanos 14 (1994): 45–46.

 

Zamora, Daisy. La mujer nicaragüense en la poesía: una antología. World Literature Today 68.1 (1994): 94–95

 

Zamora, Daisy. La mujer nicaragüense en la poesía: una antología. Nuevo Amanecer Cultural (El Nuevo Diario, Managua, Nicaragua, 25 de junio de 1994): 3.

 

Aguilar, Rosario. La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies. South Eastern Latin Americanist 37.4 (1994): 53–55.

 

Zalaquett, Mónica. Tu fantasma, Julián. Letras Femeninas 20.1/2 (1994): 187–188.

Sklodowska, Elzbieta. Testimonio hispanoamericano: historia, teoría, poética. Hispania  77.1 (1994): 73–74.

 

White, Steven F. Modern Nicaraguan Poetry: Dialogues with France and the United States. World Literature Today  68.3 (1994): 541–542.

 

Riquelme Rojas, Sonia and Edna Aguirre Rehbein, eds. Critical Approaches to Isabel Allende’s Novels. World Literature Today 67.1 (1993): 163–164.

 

Walker, Thomas. Nicaragua: Land of Sandino. South Eastern Latin Americanist 37.1 (1993): 55–56.

 

García Márquez, Gabriel. Doce cuentos peregrinos. Chasqui 22.1 (1993): 95–98;

 

García Márquez, Gabriel. Doce cuentos peregrinos. World Literature Today  67.4 (1993): 782–783.

 

Aridjis, Homero. Imágenes para el fin del milenio y Nueva expulsión del paraíso. World Literature Today  66.1 (1992): 100–101.

 

Williams, Raymond. The Colombian Novel, 18441987. World Literature Today 66.2 (1992): 315.

 

Wood, Michael. García Márquez: 100 Years of Solitude. Hispania 75.1 (1992): 101.

 

Beverley, John and Zimmerman, Marc. Literature and Politics in the Central American Revolutions. South Eastern Latin Americanist  35.2 (1991): 19–20.

 

Alonso, Carlos J. The Spanish American Novel: Modernity and Autochthony Hispania 74.4 (1991): 895–896.

 

Preface

 

The Life and Works of Juan Ramón Molina by John Hall. Edwin Mellen Press, 2002.

 

 

 

Editorial Reviews

 

Panoramas literarios: Hispanoamérica. 3rd. ed. Heath.

 

Voces hispanoamericanas. 3rd ed. Heinle & Heinle.

 

Conexiones. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall.

 

 

Web Publications [http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~ewh/CV_WEB_PUBLICATIONS.html]

 

Articles

 

Hood, Edward Waters, with Werner Mackenbach. “La novela y el testimonio en Nicaragua: una bibliografía tentativa, desde sus inicios hasta el año 2000.” Istmo 1 (enero-junio 2001).

 

Earlier version of previous article: “La novela en Nicaragua: una bibliografía tentativa.” Revista Interamericana de Bibliografía  48.1 (1998): 143-152.

 

“Argueta, Becerra y Morales: tres vertientes de la novela testimonial en Centroamérica.” Latin American Studies Association, XXI International Congress, Chicago, September, 1998.

 

Translation

 

“Scenes of Lake Atitlán,” by Mario Roberto Morales Britannica.com [Literary Review, Fall 1997)]  Brittanica.com, Literature on Line & Premier Search.

 

Interviews

 

"Una perspectiva sobre la realidad centroamericana en las novelas de Oscar Núñez Olivas: Una conversación" Espéculo Nº 29 (marzo - junio 2005) Año X.

 

“Manuel Zapata Olivella y Gabriel García Márquez.” Ciberayllu año 3 (15 de enero del 2004).

           

            “Una odisea artística: entrevista con Mario Bencastro.” Istmo 3 (2002).

 

“Un testigo del siglo XX: entrevista con Mario Monteforte.” Espéculo Nº 21 (julio-octubre 2002) Año VIII. Reprint: “Mario Monteforte, testigo del siglo veinte.” La Prensa Literaria (suplemento literario de La Prensa, Managua, Nicaragua)(13 de septiembre de 2003).

 

“Vida y teatro en Guatemala: conversación con Manuel Corleto.” Letralia: Tierra de Letras 77 (2001).

 

“Germán Vargas sobre Gabriel García Márquez.” Ciberayllu 4.2 (8 de diciembre 1999). 

 

“En torno al cuento: entrevista con Enrique Jaramillo Levi.”  Espéculo no. 9 (julio-octubre 1998). Two other versions of preceeding interview: Maga: Revista Panameña de Cultura 36 (1999); and La Prensa Literary (Managua, 16 de marzo de 2002).

 

“Conversación con Roberto Sosa.” Cyberayllu año 3 (26 abril 1999).

 

“La vida y la novela desmontables en Guatemala: entrevista con William Lemus.” ALT126 periódicoE (12/10/99).

 

“El expediente literario de Linda Berrón.” Ciberayllu 5.10 (30 de agosto 2001).

 

Other Postings

 

“La madama de Aracataca.” (Cuento oral relatado por Robinson Mulford Leiva de Aracataca, Colombia) Bar Las Virtudes (2000).

 

Numerous book reviews republished at academic sites: Brittanica.com, Encyclopedia. com, Academic Premier Search, etc.

 

Conference Presentations

 

“Una perspectiva sobre la Centroamérica actual en tres novelas de Oscar Núñez Olivas.” Rocky Mountain Council for Latin American Studies, Tucson, Arizona, March 2005.

 

“La actualidad centroamericana en las novelas de Oscar Núñez Olivas.” Rocky Mountain Council for Latin American Studies Conference, Tuscon, Arizona (March 2005).

 

“La invención de la memoria: la poética de Gabriel García Márquez en Vivir para contarla.” Rocky Mountain Council for Latin American Studies Conference, Tempe, Arizona (February 2003.

 

“El corneta de Roberto Castillo." I Simposio "Manuel Salinas" de Literatura Centroamericana, Tegucigalpa, Honduras (August 2001).

 

“Algunos aspectos literarios y extra-literarios de los testimonios de Omar Cabezas Lacayo.” IX Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Belice (March 2001).

 

“De Señores bajo los árboles a Face of the Earth, Heart of the Sky: la historia de una

   traducción.” VIII Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Antigua, Guatemala (March 1999).

 

“Compromiso estético y social en la cuentística de Enrique Jaramillo Levi.” VIII Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Antigua, Guatemala (March 1999).

 

“La novela de la revolución sandinista: autocrítica y reflexión en Tu fantasma, Julián de Mónica Zalaquett y Vuelo de cuervos de Erick Blandón." Primera Conferencia Internacional de Cultura y Literatura Centroamericana, Tempe, Arizona (April 1999).

 

“Hora de autoreflexión: textos autobiográficos de Argueta, Cardenal y Morales.” VII Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Managua, Nicaragua (March 1999).

 

“Argueta, Becerra y Morales: tres vertientes de la novela testimonial en Centroamérica. Latin American Studies Association, XXI International Congress, Chicago (September 1998).

 

“Teoría de la novela desmontable: Vida de un pueblo muerto (1984) de William Lemus.” V Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, San José, Costa Rica (February 1997).

 

“Técnicas narrativas en Argueta y Morales: Milagro de la paz (1994) y Señores bajo los árboles (1994).” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, Santa Fe, (March 1996).

 

Señores bajo los árboles de Mario Roberto Morales: teoría y evolución de la testinovela." IV Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, San Salvador, El Salvador (February 1996).

 

“La Revolución Sandinista vista por tres narradoras nicaragüenses: Rosario Aguilar, Gioconda Belli y Mónica Zalaquett.” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, Las Vegas (March 1995).

 

“Honduras en la cruz: El corneta de Roberto Castillo.” III Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Guatemala City (February 1995).

 

“El intertexto de Gabriel García Márquez: 1947–1992.” 14th Cincinnati Conference on Romance Languages and Literatures (May 1994).

 

“Búsqueda de identidad histórico-literaria en La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies de Rosario Aguilar.” II Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Tegucigalpa, Honduras (February 1994).

 

“La poética de Gioconda Belli: poesía y prosa.” Modern Language Association of America, Toronto, Canada (December 1993).

 

Milagro en Roma (1986) y ‘La santa.’” (1992) (Gabriel García Márquez): del cine al

cuento.” American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese conference, Phoenix, Arizona (August 1993).

 

“Gabriel García Márquez and Nicaragua: Writings on the Revolution.” North American Association of Colombianists, University of California, Irvine (June 1993).

 

“La historia de la novela en Nicaragua: una propuesta.” I Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Granada, Nicaragua (February 1993).

 

“Contemporary Nicaraguan Narrative.” Southwest Council of Latin American Studies, Antigua, Guatemala (February 1991).

 

“Rewriting Sandino: La guerra de Sandino, o pueblo desnudo by Salomón de la Selva.” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, Thunderbird, Phoenix (October 1992).

 

“Giaconda Belli’s La mujer habitada: The Novel of the Nicaraguan Revolution.” Novel of the Americas Symposium, University of Colorado, Boulder (September 1992).

 

“Ha salido ya el tren?: ‘El guardagujas’ de Juan José Arreola e ‘Información ferroviaria’ de Peter Hanke.” Southwest Council on Latin American, Mérida, México (March 1992).

 

“The testimonios of Omar Cabezas Lacayo: Literatura testimonial or testmonios literarios.” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies,California State University, Fullerton (October 1991).

 

“When the Referent becomes the Text: Gabriel García Marquez’s Aracataca and Macondo.” Kentucky Foreign Language Conference (April 1991).

 

“The Novel of the Sandinista Insurrection and Revolution, 1979–1989.” South Eastern Council of Latin American Studies, Jacksonville (February 1991).

 

“The Liberator in the Literary Labyrinth of Gabriel García Márquez.” South Eastern Council of Latin American Studies, Tampa (April 1990).           

 

“La repetición autointertextual en la narrativa de Gabriel García Márquez.” Mid-America Conference on Hispanic Literature, Lawrence, Kansas (November 1989).

 

“The Narrative of the Nicaraguan Insurrection and Revolution.” International Conference on Representing Revolution in Literature and the Visual Arts, Atlanta (October 1989).

 

“Tres novelas de la Revolución sandinista escritas por autores no nicaragüenses.” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, Tempe, Arizona (October 1987).

 

Colloquia:

 

“The Lord of Lake Quinizalapa.”  A reading from Face of the Earth, Heart of the Sky (translation of Señores bajo los árboles by Mario Roberto Morales).  Latin American Studies, Northern Arizona University, April 2006.

 

Presentation and discussion of the film El coronel no tiene quien le escriba. Modern Languages Film Series, Northern Arizona University (December 2004).

 

“Gabriel García Márquez.” Invited talk for the Nobel Prize lecture series, Cerritos Library, Cerritos, California (September 2004).

 

“Silence” and “The Prison,” Reading of translations of short stories by Nicasio Urbina and panel discussion, “Translators’ Consortium: Performing Without a Stage,” at the Northern Arizona Book Festival (April 2004).

 

Intertextuality in the Journalistic Writings and Fiction of Gabriel García Márquez.” Northern Arizona University, Department of Modern Languages Colloquia (March 2001).

El corneta de Roberto Castillo.” Escuela Nacional de Música, Tegucigalpa, Honduras (April 1997).

 

“Developing and Using a Student Edition of a Literary Text.” Northern Arizona University, Department of Modern Languages Colloquia (December 1995).

 

“La ficción de Gabriel García Márquez.” Department talk sponsored by Sigma Delta Pi at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln (October 1995).

 

“Rosario Aguilar, novelista de Nicaragua.” Invited to introduce author and discuss the translation of her novel, La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies, at Tulane University (October 1994).

 

“La obra narrativa de Rosario Aguilar.” Conference sponsored by the Nicaraguan Institute of Culture, at La Biblioteca Nacional Rubén Darío, Managua, Nicaragua (July 1994).

 

Nicaragua Today: Politics and Culture.” Honors Conference, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff (March 1993).

 

“Literature and Revolution in Nicaragua.” Department of Modern Languages Colloquia, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff (November 1993).

 

Colombia’s Atlantic Coast and the Fiction of Gabriel García Márquez,” at Northern Arizona University, Latin America in Perspectives, Flagstaff (November 1999).

 

 

Radio Interview

 

“On Contemporary Central American Literature.” With William Lemus, Radio Universidad of the Universidad de San Carlos, Guatemala City (July 1996).

 

 

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS

 

South Eastern Council on Latin American Studies, 1989–

Association of North American Colombianists, 1990– 

Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, 1987– 

Instituto Literario y Cultural Hispánico, 1994–

 

UNIVERSITY SERVICE

 

Northern Arizona University, 1991–present

DEPARTMENT

 

Chair, Interim Chair, Fall 2004-2007

Modern Languages Faculty Status Committee, 1996–98, 2003–04

Assistant Chair, Modern Languages, 2000–2004

Spanish Section Head, 1995–96

Spanish Curriculum Committee, 1997– 

Graduate Admissions Committee, 2003–04 

Search Committees, Spanish & Chair, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04

 

COLLEGE

 

Arts & Sciences Promotion and Tenure Committee, 2000–01, 2002–03

 

UNIVERSITY

 

Latin American Studies Committee, 1991– , Chair, 1997–98

Faculty Senate, 2000–2003. Fall 2004–

             

Coastal Carolina University, 1989–1991

 

Intercollegiate Athletics Committee, 1990–91, Chair 1991; Physical Plant, SACS Review Committee, 1998–90; Library Committee, 1990–91; Spring Arts Festival Committee, 1990–91

 

 

Consultant for Program Review

 

Department of Foreign Languages, Northeastern Illinois University, fall 2006


HISTORY OF TRAVEL & RESEARCH IN LATIN AMERICA

 

 

BELIZE

 

March 2001. Belize City: Participation in the IX Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

COLOMBIA

 

June–August 1986. Travel and research in Bogotá, Cartagena, Aracataca (hometown of Gabriel García Márquez) and Cali

 

COSTA RICA                       

 

July 1–18, 1994. Travel in El Guanacaste

 

February 17–March 1, 1997. San José: Participation in the V Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

EL SALVADOR       

 

February 18–26, 1996. San Salvador: Participation in the IV Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

GUATEMALA                      

 

February 17–23, 1993. Antigua, Guatemala City, Escuintla: Participation in the Conference of the South Eastern Council of Latin American Studies

 

February 20–28, 1995. Guatemala City: Participation in the III Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

July 21–August 5, 1996. Guatemala City

 

February 23–March 5, 2000. Participation in the VIII Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Antigua

 

HONDURAS

 

February 19–30, 1994. Tegucigalpa: Participation in the II Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

June 16–25, 1994. Conducted research and interviewed fiction writers in Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula

 

January–May 1997. Fulbright Fellowship: Teaching and research at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa

 

February 24–28, 2000. Tour of Copán

 

July 25–August 7, 2002. Tegucigalpa: Travel and Participation in the Primer Simposio “Manuel Salinas” de Literatura Centroamericana

 

July 2004. Tegucigalpa: To participate in the VII Congreso Centroamericano de Historia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa

 

MEXICO

 

July–August 1981. Guadalajara: Participation in the University of San Diego’s Summer Program

 

September 1985. Mexico City, Taxco and Guanajuato

July 1988. Mexico City, Taxco, Guanajuato, Guadalajara and Mazatlán

 

September 1981–August 1989. [U.S.– Mexican border towns] Trips to Tijuana, Tecate, Mexicali, and Nogales during period of residence in San Diego and Irvine, California

 

March 10–17, 1992. Yucatán: Participation in the Quinientos años de contactos indo-ibéricos conference held in Mérida. Tour of Chichén Itzá and Uxmal

 

June 2004. Visited NAU’s study-abroad program in Querétaro

 

May 2007. Visited NAU’s study-abroad program in Cuernavaca

 

 NICARAGUA                      

 

May 10–June 30, 1992. Travel and research in Managua, León, Granada, and Matagalpa; (LASA) Research Seminar in Nicaragua (June 21– July 2, 1992)

 

February 23–March 1, 1993. Participation in the I Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, held in Granada. Visited Managua and León

 

June 25–July 27, 1994. Conducted research on Nicaraguan narrative in Managua, León, and Granada

 

February 24–27, 1997. Visit with author Rosario Aguilar at her home in León, Nicaragua

 

March 11–21, 1999. Participation in the VI Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana in Managua

 

PANAMA                  

 

March 1998. Participation in the VI Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana in Panama City

 

PUERTO RICO                    

 

August 1976–January 1977. San Juan: Completed student teaching for B. A. degree at Antilles High School, Ft. Buchanan

 

June–August 1977. Guayama: Worked at the Phillips Petroleum Refinery

 

June–August 1979. Ponce: Carried out research for M. A. thesis at the Universidad Católica                         

 


 

 

   





      
                                                                                                                                                              

 

Curriculum Vitae

Edward Waters Hood

 


 Professor of Spanish                                                        Tel: (928) 523–9635  

           Department of Modern Languages                                   Fax: (928) 523–0963

           Northern Arizona University                                             Edward.Hood@nau
           Flagstaff, AZ 86011–6004                                               http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~ewh

   

 

EDUCATION

 

Ph.D., Spanish, University of California, Irvine, 1990. Major field of concentration: Spanish American Prose Fiction  Dissertation:  “La repetición autointertextual en la ficción de Gabriel García Márquez”

 

M. A., Spanish, San Diego State University, 1984

 

M. A., Political Science, Western Illinois University, 1980. Thesis: “Nationalism in Puerto Rican Politics: A Clarification of the Status Debate”

 

B. A., Political Science, 1977, B.A., Spanish, 1979, Western Illinois University

 

 

ACADEMIC GRANTS & HONORS

 

Fulbright Fellowship

 

Teaching and research in Central American Literature in Honduras (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Spring, 1997)

 

President’s Recruitment & Retention Grant

     

      “Heritage Speaker Recruitment,” 2003

 

Summer Organized Research Grants, Northern Arizona University

 

2004, Translation of Narrative Texts by Mario Monteforte Toledo, Mario

            Roberto Morales y William Lemus

 

1999, Translation of Caracol y otros cuentos by Enrique Jaramillo Levi

 

1998, Translation of Caperucita en la zona roja by Manlio Argueta

 

1996, Translation of Señores bajo los árboles by Mario R. Morales

 

1994, The Novel in Nicaragua

 

1992, Contemporary Nicaraguan Narrative


 

TEACHING EXPERIENCE

 

Professor of Spanish at Northern Arizona University, 2002– ; Associate 1996–2002; Assistant 1991–1996

 

GRADUATE COURSE

 

Topics in Latin American Literature: El arte de Gabriel García Márquez (Fall 2004)

 

   UNDERGRADUATE COURSES

 

Literature:

 

Introduction to Hispanic Literature

Spanish American Civilization

Survey of Spanish American Literature

The Novels and Films of the Mexican Revolution

Twentieth Century Mexican Literature

Central American Narrative

The Novels and Films of Gabriel García Márquez

 

Language:

 

Intermediate Oral Communication

Intermediate Composition

Advanced Oral Communication

Advanced Composition

First-Year Spanish

Second-Year Spanish

Spanish Immersion (intensive first & second year language)

 

 

INDEPENDENT STUDIES OFFERED

 

Central American Testimonial Literature

Juan Rulfo and Mexico

The Short Fiction of Gabriel García Márquez 

The Novels and Films of Gabriel García Márquez

The Contemporary Nicaraguan Novel

The Novels of Rosario Castellanos

Contemporary Spanish Drama

The Spanish American Short Story

The Central American Short Story

Testimonial Discourse

Contemporary Spain

Twentieth Century Mexican Literature

Spain’s Cultural Legacy in Latin America

Literary Translation

Latin American Female Novelists


 

Assistant Professor of Spanish at Coastal Carolina University, 1989–1991

 

COURSES

 

Literary Movements and Masterpieces of Latin America     

                        First & Second Year Spanish, Intensive First-Year Spanish

 

 

RESEARCH & PUBLICATIONS

 

Literary Criticism

 

La ficción de Gabriel García Márquez, 1947-2004: la poética de la repetición. Guatemala City: F & G Editores, 2006.  In press.

 

La ficción de Gabriel García Márquez: repetición e intertextualidad. New York: Peter Lang, 1993.

 

A fragment of La ficción de Gabriel García Márquez: repetición e intertextualidad to appear in an anthology of Latin American literary criticism in Polish. University of Wroclaw.

 

Translations of Central American Novels

 

The Bugler [El corneta (1981)] by Roberto Castillo. Lantham, MD: University Press of America, 2000.

 

Face of the Earth, Heart of the Sky [Señores bajo los árboles (1994)] by Mario Roberto Morales. Tempe, AZ: Bilingual Press, 1999.

 

Little Red Riding Hood in the Red Light District [Caperucita en la zona roja (1977)] by Manlio Argueta. Willimantic, CT: Curbstone Press, 1998.

 

The Lost Chronicles of Terra Firma [La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies (1992)] by Rosario Aguilar. Fredonia, NY: White Pine Press, 1997.

 

 

 

Student Edition of Novel

 

El corneta (1981) by Roberto Castillo. Unabridged text with preface, notes, exercises, and vocabulary. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall Hunt Publishers, 1996.

 

 

Articles & Conference Proceedings

 

“La recontextualización cinematográfica de El coronel no tiene quien le escriba.” In preparation.

 

“La invención de la memoria en Vivir para contarla de Gabriel García Márquez.” In preparation.

 

“La historia de Lluvia en Milagro de la Paz de Manlio Argueta y ‘La lluvia’ de Arturo Uslar Pietri.” To appear in a anthology of critical essays.  Edited by Linda J. Craft. In press.

 

“From Poet to Novelist: Gioconda Belli and the Sandinista Revolution.” Ixquic No 4 (2003): 48-58.

 

“¿Ha salido ya el tren?: ‘El guardagujas’ de Juan José Arreola e ‘Información ferroviaria’ de Peter Handke.” Alba de América 21.39-40 (2002): 359-368.

 

“Honduras en la cruz: El corneta de Roberto Castillo.” Antípodas 14 (2002): 143-149.

 

“Compromiso estético y social de Enrique Jaramillo Levi.” In La confabulación creativa de Enrique Jaramillo Levi. Yolanda J. Hackshaw M., ed. Panama: C. S. A., 2000, 157163.

 

 “Búsqueda de identidad histórico-literaria en La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies de Rosario Aguilar.” In Visiones y revisiones de la literatura centroamericana, edited by Jorge Román-Lagunas. Ciudad de Guatemala: Oscar de León Palacios, 2000: 189–199.

 

“La novela en Nicaragua: una bibliografía tentativa.” Revista Interamericana de Bibliografía 48.1 (1998): 143–152.

 

“Tragedia de la paz, Milagro de la Paz: del testimonio al intimismo en las novelas de Manlio Argueta.” Antípodas 10 (1998): 119–127.

 

“ ‘La larga vida feliz de Margarito Duarte.’ Milagro en Roma y ‘La santa’ de Gabriel García Márquez: del periódico al cine al cuento.” Quaderni Ibero-Americaní 80 (1996): 97–104.

 

“El proceso revolucionario en Nicaragua visto por tres narradoras: Rosario Aguilar, Gioconda Belli y Mónica Zalaquett.” Proceedings of the Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies 16 (1994): 99–109.

 

“La narrativa nicaragüense actual: los novelistas.” La literatura centroamericana: visiones y revisiones, edited by Jorge Román-Lagunas. Edwin Mellen Press, 1993: 75–84. A version of preceding article appeared in La Prensa Literaria [literary supplement of La Prensa, Managua, Nicaragua (28 de mayo de 1994): 1 & 8].

 

“Form and Content in Cabezas Lacayo's Works: testimonio literario, literatura testimonial.Proceedings of the Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies 15.1-2 (1991/1992): 87–95.

 

“The Liberator in the Literary Labyrinth of Gabriel García Márquez.” Annals of the South Eastern Council for Latin American Studies 22 (1991): 68–73.

 

Articles Reprinted

 

“Honduras en la cruz: El corneta de Roberto Castillo.” Versions of this article appeared in Magazine Literario [literary supplement of El Tiempo, San Pedro Sula, Honduras (4 de marzo, 1995): 12 & 13] and Vida [literary supplement of El Heraldo, Tegucigalpa, Honduras (1ero de septiembre de 2001): 45B.

 

“La narrativa nicaragüense actual: los novelistas.” A version of this article appeared in La Prensa Literaria [literary supplement of La Prensa, Managua, Nicaragua (28 de mayo de 1994): 1 & 8].

 

Encyclopedia Essays

 

“Manlio Argueta.” Reference Guide to World Literature, 3rd ed. Saint James Press, 2003: 66–67.

 

“Gioconda Belli 1948— Nicaraguan poet and novelist.” Encyclopedia of Latin American Literature.  London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 1997: 108–109.

 

Short Translations

 

“The Prison” and “Silence.” [“La prisión” and “El silencio” (short stories) by Nicasio Urbina. To appear in Connecticut Review  XXVII.2 (Fall 2005): 187-190.

 

“Doña Ana,” Excerpt from The Lost Chronicles of Terra Firme (La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies (1992) by Rosario Aguilar. In A Secret Weavers Anthology, edited by Andrea O’Reilly Herrera. Fredonia, N.Y.: White Pine Press, 1998: 159–163.

 

“Scenes of Lake Atitlán.” Chapter from Señores bajo los árboles (novel, 1994) by Mario Roberto Morales. The Literary Review 41.1 (1997): 5–19.

 

“The Poor Angel.” [“El ángel pobre,” (short story) (1941)] by Joaquín Pasos. Machete 1.2 (1996): 48–51.

 

Interviews

 

“Conversación con Oscar Núñez Olivas.” Alba de América 24: 45 & 46 (2005): 573581.

 

“Un testigo del siglo veinte: entrevista con Mario Monteforte Toledo.” Alba de América 23.43-44 (2004): 607–613.

“Una odisea artística: entrevista con Mario Bencastro,” Alba de América 21.39-40 (2002): 565-576.

 

“El expediente literario de Linda Berrón.” Caribe 4.1 (2001): 40–47.

 

“El ojo del cielo perdido: entrevista con Nicasio Urbina.” South Eastern Latin Americanist 44.3 (2000): 66–81.

 

“Entrevista a Roberto Sosa: la poesía ha sido mi centro vital.” Cultura: Revista del Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y el Arte (El Salvador) 85 (1999): 94–100.

 

“Literatura, género e historia en Nicaragua: entrevista con Mónica Zalaquett.” Alba de América 19.35 (2000): 571–584

 

“En torno al cuento: entrevista con Enrique Jaramillo Levi.” Maga: Revista Panameña de Cultura 3a Epoca N° 36 (1999): 14–17.

 

“Entrevista con Galel Cárdenas Amador: literatura y política en Honduras.” Alba de América 18.33/34 (1998): 387–395.

 

“Entrevista con Roberto Quesada: de la banana a la manzana.” Alba de América 16.30/31 (1998): 501–516.

 

“Entrevista con Roberto Castillo.” ispamérica 26.76/77 (1997): 125–131.

“Conversación con Manlio Argueta.” With Michael Miller, Luis Alvárez and Roy Boland. 18 Conejo (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras) 10.80 (1997): 10–1.

 

“Entrevista con Mario Roberto Morales: la novela y el testimonio en Centroamérica.” Alba de América 14.26/27 (1996): 529–545.

 

“El libro en Honduras: entrevista con Mario Argueta.” South Eastern Latin Americanist 38.3 (1995): 11–16.

 

“La literatura nicaragüense contemporánea: entrevista con Ernesto Cardenal.” Revista de Estudios Colombianos y Latinoamericanos 12/13 (1994): 82–84.

 

“Sergio Ramírez.” Revista de Estudios Colombianos y Latinoamericanos 12/13 (1994): 72–75.

 

“Entrevista con Gioconda Belli.” Chasqui 23.2 (1994): 125–131.

 

“Literatura y revolución en Nicaragua: entrevista con Julio Valle-Castillo.” South Eastern Latin Americanist 36.3 (1993): 1–5.

“Testimonio de mis testimonios, Omar Cabezas (Sobre preguntas de Edward Waters Hood).” Hispamérica 22.64/65 (1993): 111–120.

 

“El proceso literario nicaragüense: entrevista con Lisandro Chávez Alfaro.” La Universidad: Revista de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua 2.5 (1993): 20–24.

 

“Una conversación con Rosario Aguilar.” South Eastern Latin Americanist 36.2 (1993) 15–21.

 

Interviews in English Translation

 

“Testimonio about My Testimonios: Omar Cabezas Lacayo.” Translated by S. Serena Grey. Denver Quarterly  31.2 (1996): 79–91.

 

“Novel and Testimonio in Central America: Interview with Mario Roberto Morales.” Translated by S. Serena Grey. South Eastern Latin Americanist 40.1/2 (1996): 35–47.

 

Interview in Textbook

 

“En torno al cuento: entrevista con Enrique Jaramillo Levi.” In Conexiones (2nd ed.) Zayas-Bazán, Bacon and García, eds. Prentice Hall (2001): 24. This selection will also appear in a high school version of Conexiones.

 

Reprints of Interviews

 

“Enrique Jaramillo Levi, imagen del cuento panameño,” in La Prensa Literaria (literary supplement of La Prensa, Managua, Nicaragua [16 de marzo de 2002].

 

“Del infierno al milagro: conversación con Manlio Argueta,” in Antípodas 10 (1998): 81–88.

 

“Sergio Ramírez, ex vice presidente y actual candidato a la presidencia de Nicaragua: ‘De la política no puedo escaparme...’” Nosotros los latinos 1.10 (1996): 14, 16.

 

 

 

Book Reviews

 

González, Ann B., Sí pero no, Fabían Dobles and the Postcolonial Challenge.  Associated University Presses, 2005.  The Latin Americanist. In press.

 

Tillis, Antonio D.  Manuel Zapata Olivella and the Darkening of Latin American Literature. University of Missouri Press, 2005.  Revista de Estudios Hispánicos  xl.2 (mayo 2006): 440-441.

 

Márquez, Gabriel. Memoria de mis putas tristes. Vintage Books, 2004. World Literature Today  79.3 (2005): 105.

 

Mosby, Dorothy. Place, Language, and Identity in Afro-Costa Rican Literature. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003. World Literature Today 78: 3-4 (2004): 157.

 

Craven, David. Art and Revolution in Latin America, 1910-1990. Yale University Press, 2002.  South Eastern Latin Americanist. 48: 2 (2005): 105-107.

 

Moreiras, Alberto. The Exhaustion of Difference: The Politics of Latin American Cultural Studies. South Eastern Latin Americanist (Winter / Spring 2003): 176–177.

 

Castillo, Roberto. La guerra mortal de los sentidos. World Literature Today 77.2 (2003): 143.

 

García Márquez, Gabriel. Vivir para contarla. World Literature Today 77.2 (2003): 75. 

 

Ramírez, Sergio. Sombras nada más. World Literature Today 73:3-4 (2003): 142.

 

White, Stephen. El mundo más que humano en la poesía de Pablo Antonio Cuadra: un estudio ecocrítico. World Literature Today 73:3-4 (2003): 147.

 

Ramírez, Sergio. Margarita, está linda la mar. World Literatura Today 76.2 (2002): 236–237.

 

Morales, Mario Roberto. Los que se fueron por la libre. World Literature Today 74.1 (2000): 120–121.

 

Bencastro, Mario. Odisea del norte. World Literature Today 74.4 (2000): 120–121.

 

González Echevarría, Roberto, and Enrique Pupo-Walker, eds. The Cambridge History of Latin American Literature.  World Literature Today 73.2 (1999): 310.

 

Jaramillo Levi, Enrique. The Shadow: Thirteen Stories in Opposition. Trans. Samuel A.

Zimmerman. World Literature Today  72.1 (1998): 111.

 

Gugelberger, George M., ed. The Real Thing: Testimonial Discourse and Latin America.  World Literature Today  72.1 (1998): 110.

 

Argueta, Manlio. Caperucita en la zona roja. World Literature Today 72.1 (1998): 107.

 

Craft, Linda. Novels of Testimony and Resistance from Central America. World Literature Today 72.4 (1998) 807–808.

 

Urbina, Nicasio. Sintaxis de un signo. World Literature Today 71.1 (1997): 123.           

 

Dobles, Fabián. Years Like Brief Days. Trans. Joan Henry. World Literature Today 71.2 (1997): 360–361.

 

Castellón, Blanca. Ama del espíritu. World Literature Today 71. 1 (1997): 121–122.

 

De Lión, Luis. El tiempo principia en Xibalbá. World Literature Today 71.2 (1997): 353–354.

 

Jaramillo Levi, Enrique, and Leland H. Chambers, eds. Contemporary Short Stories from Central America. World Literature Today 70.1 (1996): 171–172.

 

Morales, Mario Roberto. Señores bajo los árboles. World Literature Today 70.1 (1996): 166–167.

 

Argueta, Manlio. Milagro de la Paz. World Literature Today 70.1 (1996): 165.

 

Brintrup, Lilianet. Viaje y escritura: viajeros románticos chilenos. Hispania 78.1 (1995): 67–68.

 

Dawes, Greg. Aesthetics and Revolution: Nicaraguan Poetry, 19791990. Hispamérica  24.71 (1995): 121–122.

 

Bravo, Alejandro. Reina de corazones. World Literature Today  69.1 (1995): 103.

 

Morales, Mario Roberto. Señores bajo los árboles. Siglo Veintiuno (Guatemala City, 31 de diciembre de 1995): 21.

 

Aguilar, Rosario. La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies. World Literature Today 67.4 (1993): 780 & Chasqui 24.1 (1995): 77–79.

 

Bravo, Alejandro. Reina de corazones. Nuevo Amanecer Cultural (El Nuevo Diario, Managua, Nicaragua, 11 de febrero de 1995): 4.

 

García Márquez, Gabriel. Del amor y otros demonios. World Literature Today 69.2 (1995): 327–328.

 

García Aguilar, Eduardo. Urbes luminosas. Revista de Estudios Colombianos y Latinoamericanos 14 (1994): 45–46.

 

Zamora, Daisy. La mujer nicaragüense en la poesía: una antología. World Literature Today 68.1 (1994): 94–95

 

Zamora, Daisy. La mujer nicaragüense en la poesía: una antología. Nuevo Amanecer Cultural (El Nuevo Diario, Managua, Nicaragua, 25 de junio de 1994): 3.

 

Aguilar, Rosario. La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies. South Eastern Latin Americanist 37.4 (1994): 53–55.

 

Zalaquett, Mónica. Tu fantasma, Julián. Letras Femeninas 20.1/2 (1994): 187–188.

Sklodowska, Elzbieta. Testimonio hispanoamericano: historia, teoría, poética. Hispania  77.1 (1994): 73–74.

 

White, Steven F. Modern Nicaraguan Poetry: Dialogues with France and the United States. World Literature Today  68.3 (1994): 541–542.

 

Riquelme Rojas, Sonia and Edna Aguirre Rehbein, eds. Critical Approaches to Isabel Allende’s Novels. World Literature Today 67.1 (1993): 163–164.

 

Walker, Thomas. Nicaragua: Land of Sandino. South Eastern Latin Americanist 37.1 (1993): 55–56.

 

García Márquez, Gabriel. Doce cuentos peregrinos. Chasqui 22.1 (1993): 95–98;

 

García Márquez, Gabriel. Doce cuentos peregrinos. World Literature Today  67.4 (1993): 782–783.

 

Aridjis, Homero. Imágenes para el fin del milenio y Nueva expulsión del paraíso. World Literature Today  66.1 (1992): 100–101.

 

Williams, Raymond. The Colombian Novel, 18441987. World Literature Today 66.2 (1992): 315.

 

Wood, Michael. García Márquez: 100 Years of Solitude. Hispania 75.1 (1992): 101.

 

Beverley, John and Zimmerman, Marc. Literature and Politics in the Central American Revolutions. South Eastern Latin Americanist  35.2 (1991): 19–20.

 

Alonso, Carlos J. The Spanish American Novel: Modernity and Autochthony Hispania 74.4 (1991): 895–896.

 

Preface

 

The Life and Works of Juan Ramón Molina by John Hall. Edwin Mellen Press, 2002.

 

 

 

Editorial Reviews

 

Panoramas literarios: Hispanoamérica. 3rd. ed. Heath.

 

Voces hispanoamericanas. 3rd ed. Heinle & Heinle.

 

Conexiones. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall.

 

 

Web Publications [http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~ewh/CV_WEB_PUBLICATIONS.html]

 

Articles

 

Hood, Edward Waters, with Werner Mackenbach. “La novela y el testimonio en Nicaragua: una bibliografía tentativa, desde sus inicios hasta el año 2000.” Istmo 1 (enero-junio 2001).

 

Earlier version of previous article: “La novela en Nicaragua: una bibliografía tentativa.” Revista Interamericana de Bibliografía  48.1 (1998): 143-152.

 

“Argueta, Becerra y Morales: tres vertientes de la novela testimonial en Centroamérica.” Latin American Studies Association, XXI International Congress, Chicago, September, 1998.

 

Translation

 

“Scenes of Lake Atitlán,” by Mario Roberto Morales Britannica.com [Literary Review, Fall 1997)]  Brittanica.com, Literature on Line & Premier Search.

 

Interviews

 

"Una perspectiva sobre la realidad centroamericana en las novelas de Oscar Núñez Olivas: Una conversación" Espéculo Nº 29 (marzo - junio 2005) Año X.

 

“Manuel Zapata Olivella y Gabriel García Márquez.” Ciberayllu año 3 (15 de enero del 2004).

           

            “Una odisea artística: entrevista con Mario Bencastro.” Istmo 3 (2002).

 

“Un testigo del siglo XX: entrevista con Mario Monteforte.” Espéculo Nº 21 (julio-octubre 2002) Año VIII. Reprint: “Mario Monteforte, testigo del siglo veinte.” La Prensa Literaria (suplemento literario de La Prensa, Managua, Nicaragua)(13 de septiembre de 2003).

 

“Vida y teatro en Guatemala: conversación con Manuel Corleto.” Letralia: Tierra de Letras 77 (2001).

 

“Germán Vargas sobre Gabriel García Márquez.” Ciberayllu 4.2 (8 de diciembre 1999). 

 

“En torno al cuento: entrevista con Enrique Jaramillo Levi.”  Espéculo no. 9 (julio-octubre 1998). Two other versions of preceeding interview: Maga: Revista Panameña de Cultura 36 (1999); and La Prensa Literary (Managua, 16 de marzo de 2002).

 

“Conversación con Roberto Sosa.” Cyberayllu año 3 (26 abril 1999).

 

“La vida y la novela desmontables en Guatemala: entrevista con William Lemus.” ALT126 periódicoE (12/10/99).

 

“El expediente literario de Linda Berrón.” Ciberayllu 5.10 (30 de agosto 2001).

 

Other Postings

 

“La madama de Aracataca.” (Cuento oral relatado por Robinson Mulford Leiva de Aracataca, Colombia) Bar Las Virtudes (2000).

 

Numerous book reviews republished at academic sites: Brittanica.com, Encyclopedia. com, Academic Premier Search, etc.

 

Conference Presentations

 

“Una perspectiva sobre la Centroamérica actual en tres novelas de Oscar Núñez Olivas.” Rocky Mountain Council for Latin American Studies, Tucson, Arizona, March 2005.

 

“La actualidad centroamericana en las novelas de Oscar Núñez Olivas.” Rocky Mountain Council for Latin American Studies Conference, Tuscon, Arizona (March 2005).

 

“La invención de la memoria: la poética de Gabriel García Márquez en Vivir para contarla.” Rocky Mountain Council for Latin American Studies Conference, Tempe, Arizona (February 2003.

 

“El corneta de Roberto Castillo." I Simposio "Manuel Salinas" de Literatura Centroamericana, Tegucigalpa, Honduras (August 2001).

 

“Algunos aspectos literarios y extra-literarios de los testimonios de Omar Cabezas Lacayo.” IX Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Belice (March 2001).

 

“De Señores bajo los árboles a Face of the Earth, Heart of the Sky: la historia de una

   traducción.” VIII Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Antigua, Guatemala (March 1999).

 

“Compromiso estético y social en la cuentística de Enrique Jaramillo Levi.” VIII Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Antigua, Guatemala (March 1999).

 

“La novela de la revolución sandinista: autocrítica y reflexión en Tu fantasma, Julián de Mónica Zalaquett y Vuelo de cuervos de Erick Blandón." Primera Conferencia Internacional de Cultura y Literatura Centroamericana, Tempe, Arizona (April 1999).

 

“Hora de autoreflexión: textos autobiográficos de Argueta, Cardenal y Morales.” VII Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Managua, Nicaragua (March 1999).

 

“Argueta, Becerra y Morales: tres vertientes de la novela testimonial en Centroamérica. Latin American Studies Association, XXI International Congress, Chicago (September 1998).

 

“Teoría de la novela desmontable: Vida de un pueblo muerto (1984) de William Lemus.” V Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, San José, Costa Rica (February 1997).

 

“Técnicas narrativas en Argueta y Morales: Milagro de la paz (1994) y Señores bajo los árboles (1994).” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, Santa Fe, (March 1996).

 

Señores bajo los árboles de Mario Roberto Morales: teoría y evolución de la testinovela." IV Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, San Salvador, El Salvador (February 1996).

 

“La Revolución Sandinista vista por tres narradoras nicaragüenses: Rosario Aguilar, Gioconda Belli y Mónica Zalaquett.” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, Las Vegas (March 1995).

 

“Honduras en la cruz: El corneta de Roberto Castillo.” III Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Guatemala City (February 1995).

 

“El intertexto de Gabriel García Márquez: 1947–1992.” 14th Cincinnati Conference on Romance Languages and Literatures (May 1994).

 

“Búsqueda de identidad histórico-literaria en La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies de Rosario Aguilar.” II Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Tegucigalpa, Honduras (February 1994).

 

“La poética de Gioconda Belli: poesía y prosa.” Modern Language Association of America, Toronto, Canada (December 1993).

 

Milagro en Roma (1986) y ‘La santa.’” (1992) (Gabriel García Márquez): del cine al

cuento.” American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese conference, Phoenix, Arizona (August 1993).

 

“Gabriel García Márquez and Nicaragua: Writings on the Revolution.” North American Association of Colombianists, University of California, Irvine (June 1993).

 

“La historia de la novela en Nicaragua: una propuesta.” I Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Granada, Nicaragua (February 1993).

 

“Contemporary Nicaraguan Narrative.” Southwest Council of Latin American Studies, Antigua, Guatemala (February 1991).

 

“Rewriting Sandino: La guerra de Sandino, o pueblo desnudo by Salomón de la Selva.” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, Thunderbird, Phoenix (October 1992).

 

“Giaconda Belli’s La mujer habitada: The Novel of the Nicaraguan Revolution.” Novel of the Americas Symposium, University of Colorado, Boulder (September 1992).

 

“Ha salido ya el tren?: ‘El guardagujas’ de Juan José Arreola e ‘Información ferroviaria’ de Peter Hanke.” Southwest Council on Latin American, Mérida, México (March 1992).

 

“The testimonios of Omar Cabezas Lacayo: Literatura testimonial or testmonios literarios.” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies,California State University, Fullerton (October 1991).

 

“When the Referent becomes the Text: Gabriel García Marquez’s Aracataca and Macondo.” Kentucky Foreign Language Conference (April 1991).

 

“The Novel of the Sandinista Insurrection and Revolution, 1979–1989.” South Eastern Council of Latin American Studies, Jacksonville (February 1991).

 

“The Liberator in the Literary Labyrinth of Gabriel García Márquez.” South Eastern Council of Latin American Studies, Tampa (April 1990).           

 

“La repetición autointertextual en la narrativa de Gabriel García Márquez.” Mid-America Conference on Hispanic Literature, Lawrence, Kansas (November 1989).

 

“The Narrative of the Nicaraguan Insurrection and Revolution.” International Conference on Representing Revolution in Literature and the Visual Arts, Atlanta (October 1989).

 

“Tres novelas de la Revolución sandinista escritas por autores no nicaragüenses.” Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, Tempe, Arizona (October 1987).

 

Colloquia:

 

“The Lord of Lake Quinizalapa.”  A reading from Face of the Earth, Heart of the Sky (translation of Señores bajo los árboles by Mario Roberto Morales).  Latin American Studies, Northern Arizona University, April 2006.

 

Presentation and discussion of the film El coronel no tiene quien le escriba. Modern Languages Film Series, Northern Arizona University (December 2004).

 

“Gabriel García Márquez.” Invited talk for the Nobel Prize lecture series, Cerritos Library, Cerritos, California (September 2004).

 

“Silence” and “The Prison,” Reading of translations of short stories by Nicasio Urbina and panel discussion, “Translators’ Consortium: Performing Without a Stage,” at the Northern Arizona Book Festival (April 2004).

 

Intertextuality in the Journalistic Writings and Fiction of Gabriel García Márquez.” Northern Arizona University, Department of Modern Languages Colloquia (March 2001).

El corneta de Roberto Castillo.” Escuela Nacional de Música, Tegucigalpa, Honduras (April 1997).

 

“Developing and Using a Student Edition of a Literary Text.” Northern Arizona University, Department of Modern Languages Colloquia (December 1995).

 

“La ficción de Gabriel García Márquez.” Department talk sponsored by Sigma Delta Pi at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln (October 1995).

 

“Rosario Aguilar, novelista de Nicaragua.” Invited to introduce author and discuss the translation of her novel, La niña blanca y los pájaros sin pies, at Tulane University (October 1994).

 

“La obra narrativa de Rosario Aguilar.” Conference sponsored by the Nicaraguan Institute of Culture, at La Biblioteca Nacional Rubén Darío, Managua, Nicaragua (July 1994).

 

Nicaragua Today: Politics and Culture.” Honors Conference, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff (March 1993).

 

“Literature and Revolution in Nicaragua.” Department of Modern Languages Colloquia, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff (November 1993).

 

Colombia’s Atlantic Coast and the Fiction of Gabriel García Márquez,” at Northern Arizona University, Latin America in Perspectives, Flagstaff (November 1999).

 

 

Radio Interview

 

“On Contemporary Central American Literature.” With William Lemus, Radio Universidad of the Universidad de San Carlos, Guatemala City (July 1996).

 

 

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS

 

South Eastern Council on Latin American Studies, 1989–

Association of North American Colombianists, 1990– 

Pacific Coast Council on Latin American Studies, 1987– 

Instituto Literario y Cultural Hispánico, 1994–

 

UNIVERSITY SERVICE

 

Northern Arizona University, 1991–present

DEPARTMENT

 

Chair, Interim Chair, Fall 2004-2007

Modern Languages Faculty Status Committee, 1996–98, 2003–04

Assistant Chair, Modern Languages, 2000–2004

Spanish Section Head, 1995–96

Spanish Curriculum Committee, 1997– 

Graduate Admissions Committee, 2003–04 

Search Committees, Spanish & Chair, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04

 

COLLEGE

 

Arts & Sciences Promotion and Tenure Committee, 2000–01, 2002–03

 

UNIVERSITY

 

Latin American Studies Committee, 1991– , Chair, 1997–98

Faculty Senate, 2000–2003. Fall 2004–

             

Coastal Carolina University, 1989–1991

 

Intercollegiate Athletics Committee, 1990–91, Chair 1991; Physical Plant, SACS Review Committee, 1998–90; Library Committee, 1990–91; Spring Arts Festival Committee, 1990–91

 

 

Consultant for Program Review

 

Department of Foreign Languages, Northeastern Illinois University, fall 2006


HISTORY OF TRAVEL & RESEARCH IN LATIN AMERICA

 

 

BELIZE

 

March 2001. Belize City: Participation in the IX Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

COLOMBIA

 

June–August 1986. Travel and research in Bogotá, Cartagena, Aracataca (hometown of Gabriel García Márquez) and Cali

 

COSTA RICA                       

 

July 1–18, 1994. Travel in El Guanacaste

 

February 17–March 1, 1997. San José: Participation in the V Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

EL SALVADOR       

 

February 18–26, 1996. San Salvador: Participation in the IV Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

GUATEMALA                      

 

February 17–23, 1993. Antigua, Guatemala City, Escuintla: Participation in the Conference of the South Eastern Council of Latin American Studies

 

February 20–28, 1995. Guatemala City: Participation in the III Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

July 21–August 5, 1996. Guatemala City

 

February 23–March 5, 2000. Participation in the VIII Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, Antigua

 

HONDURAS

 

February 19–30, 1994. Tegucigalpa: Participation in the II Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana

 

June 16–25, 1994. Conducted research and interviewed fiction writers in Tegucigalpa and San Pedro Sula

 

January–May 1997. Fulbright Fellowship: Teaching and research at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa

 

February 24–28, 2000. Tour of Copán

 

July 25–August 7, 2002. Tegucigalpa: Travel and Participation in the Primer Simposio “Manuel Salinas” de Literatura Centroamericana

 

July 2004. Tegucigalpa: To participate in the VII Congreso Centroamericano de Historia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa

 

MEXICO

 

July–August 1981. Guadalajara: Participation in the University of San Diego’s Summer Program

 

September 1985. Mexico City, Taxco and Guanajuato

July 1988. Mexico City, Taxco, Guanajuato, Guadalajara and Mazatlán

 

September 1981–August 1989. [U.S.– Mexican border towns] Trips to Tijuana, Tecate, Mexicali, and Nogales during period of residence in San Diego and Irvine, California

 

March 10–17, 1992. Yucatán: Participation in the Quinientos años de contactos indo-ibéricos conference held in Mérida. Tour of Chichén Itzá and Uxmal

 

June 2004. Visited NAU’s study-abroad program in Querétaro

 

May 2007. Visited NAU’s study-abroad program in Cuernavaca

 

 NICARAGUA                      

 

May 10–June 30, 1992. Travel and research in Managua, León, Granada, and Matagalpa; (LASA) Research Seminar in Nicaragua (June 21– July 2, 1992)

 

February 23–March 1, 1993. Participation in the I Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana, held in Granada. Visited Managua and León

 

June 25–July 27, 1994. Conducted research on Nicaraguan narrative in Managua, León, and Granada

 

February 24–27, 1997. Visit with author Rosario Aguilar at her home in León, Nicaragua

 

March 11–21, 1999. Participation in the VI Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana in Managua

 

PANAMA                  

 

March 1998. Participation in the VI Congreso Internacional de Literatura Centroamericana in Panama City

 

PUERTO RICO                    

 

August 1976–January 1977. San Juan: Completed student teaching for B. A. degree at Antilles High School, Ft. Buchanan

 

June–August 1977. Guayama: Worked at the Phillips Petroleum Refinery

 

June–August 1979. Ponce: Carried out research for M. A. thesis at the Universidad Católica                         

 


 

 

Revised: 7/07/07

Professor of Spanish, Department of Modern Languages, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ  86011–6004

Tel (928) 523–9635    Fax (928) 523–0963    email: Edward.Hood@nau.edu    Home page: http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~ewh

EDUCATION


ACADEMIC GRANTS & HONORS

Summer Organized Research Grants, Northern Arizona University

Heritage Speaker Outreach Grant, 2003.
TEACHING EXPERIENCE

Professor of Spanish at Northern Arizona University, 2002–   (Associate, 1996–2002;  Assistant, 1991–1996).


COURSES TAUGHT
Graduate:

Undergraduate


        
INDEPENDENT STUDIES COURSES OFFERED

Assistant Professor of Spanish at Coastal Carolina University, 1989–1991.

COURSES TAUGHT
  • Literary Movements and Masterpieces of Latin America
  • First & Second Year Spanish
  • Intensive First-Year Spanish

RESEARCH & PUBLICATIONS

Literary Criticism

Translations of Central American Novels

Student Edition of Novel

Articles & Conference Proceedings

Encyclopedia Essays

Brief Literary Translations

Literary Interviews

Interview in Textbook

Interviews in Translation

Reprints of Interviews

  • "Enrique Jaramillo Levi, imagen del cuento panameño," in La Prensa Literaria (literary supplement of La Prensa, Managua, Nicaragua [16 de marzo de 2002].
  • “Del infierno al milagro: conversación con Manlio Argueta,” in Antípodas  10 (1998): 81–88.
  • “Sergio Ramírez, ex vice presidente y actual candidato a la presidencia de Nicaragua: ‘De la política no puedo escaparme...’” Nosotros los latinos 1.10 (1996): 14, 16.

Reviews


 
Editorial Review

WEB PUBLICATIONS

Articles

Literary Translation

Literary Interviews

 
Other Postings

Conference Presentations

Colloquia

Radio Interview

PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS

UNIVERSITY SERVICE

Northern Arizona University, 1991–
 
Coastal Carolina University, 1989–1991
  • Intercollegiate Athletics Committee, 1990–9, Chair 1991;
  • Physical Plant SACS Review Committee, 1998–90
  • Library Committee, 1990–91
  • Spring Arts Festival Committee, 1990–91.

TRAVEL & RESEARCH IN LATIN AMERICA
  • Belize
  • Colombia
  • Costa Rica
  • El Salvador
  • Guatemala
  • Honduras
  • Mexico
  • Nicaragua
  • Panama
  • Puerto Rico.