This lesson focuses on the following Arizona Comprehensive Health Standards, 
National Educational Technology Standards, 
and National Council of Teacher’s of Mathematics Content Standard. 

Arizona Comprehensive Health Standards 

Standard 1 Students comprehend concepts related to health promotion and disease prevention.

1CH-E8 Explain how basic nutrients are utilized by the body 
	and the relationship of a balanced diet and essential nutrients
 	to appropriate weight, appearance and wellness.
 PO 1 Identify the basic nutrients and identify their uses in the body.
   PO 2 Describe how a balanced nutritious diet is related to weight, appearance and wellness. 

Standard 3 Students demonstrate the ability to practice health-enhancing behaviors 
and reduce health risks.

3CH-E1 Explain the importance of assuming responsibility for personal health behaviors.
                           PO 1 Illustrate examples of responsible healthy behavior.    

NETS Technology Foundation Standards

Standard 3 Technology productivity tools
	  Students use technology tools to enhance learning, increase productivity, 
		and promote creativity.  

Standard 6 Technology problem-solving and decision–making tools.
  	Students use technology resources for solving problems and making informed decisions.
  	Students employ technology in the development of strategies for solving problems
 		in the real world.  

NTCM Content Area Math Standards

Standard 9 Connections
	Recognize, use, and learn about mathematics in contexts outside of mathematics.

Objectives:   Students will:

1. Calculate the number of calories they consume in 24 hours.
2. Use the Nutrition Analysis Tool Web http://www.nat.uiuc.edu/mainnat.html site to identify the nutritional value of food and beverages consumed over a 24 hour period and record this into an Excel Spreadsheet.
3. Compare their daily consumption to the recommended daily allowance of nutrients.
4. Input data into a spreadsheet, answer questions about the spreadsheet and manipulate data within the spreadsheet.
5. Create a chart or graph of the data.

Resources
http://www.nat.uiuc.edu/mainnat.html NAT Website
http://www.pueblo.gsa.gov/cic_text/food/food-pyramid/main.htm Food Pyramid
http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2000/document/choose.htm
http://www.wendys.com/the_menu/nut_frame.html  Wendy's Nutrition Facts
http://www.tacobell.com/menu/fr.htm Taco Bell Nutrition Facts
http://pizzahurt.com/Menu/Nutrition/default.asp  Pizza Hut Nutrition Facts
http://subway.com/  Subway Nutrition Facts
http://www.jegsworks.com/lessons/numbers/index.html Excel tutorials
http://www.microsoft.com/education/?ID=Excel97tutorial  Excel tutorials
http://www.usd.edu/trio/tut/excel/ Excel tutorials
http://www.baycongroup.com/el0.htm Excel tutorials
  http://www2.nau.edu/edtech/newtutorials/excel/sum/sum.html  Excel tutorials

Before we begin you may want to learn a little about spreadsheets and Excel, the software used to create one.  A spreadsheet is set up like a big table. The rows, go across, and are numbered. Columns go down, and are labeled with A,B,C’s.  Each box that is created when a row and column come together is called a cell. In the example, cell B3 says “car loan”.    

Here is a link to a site with tutorials on various parts of using Excel to create spreadsheets. You may not need to use it, but if you need more help, here is the address.

http://www.usd.edu/trio/tut/excel/

http://www.baycongroup.com/el0.htm

Set up and label COLUMNS

You will be typing LABELS for the columns. When it says, “Food Eaten” with quotations marks around it, type those exact words; do NOT enter the food that you ate yet. 

Put your cursor in cell A1, click and type Your Name, then press enter.
Put your cursor in cell B1, click and type “Food Eaten” then press enter.
Put your cursor in cell C1, click and type “Amount” then press enter.
Put your cursor in cell D1, click and type “Grams of Fat” then press enter.
Put your cursor in cell E1, click and type “Grams of Saturated Fat” then press enter.
Put your cursor in cell F1, click and type “Grams of Protein” then press enter.
Put your cursor in cell G1, click and type “Grams of Carbohydrates” then press enter.
Put your cursor in cell H1, click and type “Number of Calories” then press enter.
Put your cursor in cell I1, click and type  “Grams of Cholesterol” then press enter. 

Set up ROWS and enter data into CELLS.

Now, Put your cursor in cell B2, click and type in one of the foods you ate for breakfast today, then press enter. 

Look up that food on the nutrition website http://www.nat.uiuc.edu/mainnat.html to discover the amounts of fat, protein, etc.  

Enter the appropriate numbers for that food item in each of the corresponding cells B2-I2.
So, C2 will have the amount of the food you ate.
D3 will have the grams of fat for that amount of the food you ate.
E4 will have the grams of saturated fat etc. 

Continue doing this for each food you have eaten today, using a new row for each food and being careful to select the correct serving size.  

Use SUM to calculate the total for each column.

When you are finished entering the food for the day, begin a new row.  We will call it “(x)” because we don’t know how many foods you ate. (If you ate 20, it would be row 21.)

Put your cursor in cell A(x), click and type “My Total” then press enter.
Now total each column. To do this, follow the steps below.
 Put your cursor in cell D of row (x) and click on the “sum” key. 

It looks like a weird, triangular E in the bar at the top.

When you do this, the numbers in that column should be included in an area outlined with a dotted flashing line and the cell will say = SUM (D2:D”x”). Hit enter.  

Repeat the procedure for columns E through I.  (Substitute the column letter for column you are working on.) 
You should end up with totals at the bottom of each column for the columns that have nutrient information. (D-I) 

For tutorial see http://www2.nau.edu/edtech/newtutorials/excel/sum/sum.html 

Preparing information for comparison to recommendations and for graphing.

Now make a row (y), under row (x), that starts with “total recommended”. To do this, click in cell A(y) and type in “total recommended”. 

To find the total recommended for your age and gender, go to the nutrition web site. When you find the appropriate amount for each nutrient, enter it under the appropriate column in this new row you just created (y) or total recommended.  

So, the recommended number of calories for your age and gender will be in cell H(y). 

Writing formulas to Figure Percents

 Next, you will calculate, for each nutrient, what % of the total recommended amount you had for the day.  You will do this in row (z), which is right under row (y). First label the row by clicking in cell A(z) and typing “% of recommended”.   

To calculate percent, start by clicking in cell D(z), or cell  D of your % recommended row, to calculate the % fat you ate today.  

Click on the = sign next to the long white box at the top. 

When you do this, you will see a green checkmark appear.

Click in cell D of the row you labeled “my total”, to start with the total fat you ate for the day.

Next, add the “/” (for divide sign) after the number you see in the white box. Do this by typing the forward slash key on your keyboard or the divide key on your numbers keyboard.

Next, click on cell D of the row you labeled “total recommended” D(y).

Type in a $ sign right after the “/” mark and before the last number you see, which will be D(y) in this case.  Click OK.  

Repeat this process for each column E-I. 

See a tutorial on how to do this and how to format the cell for %. http://www2.nau.edu/edtech/newtutorials/excel/percent/percent.html 

Food Eaten

Amount

Grams of Fat

Grams Sat Fat

Grams of Protein

Grams of Carbs

Number of Calories

Cholesterol (mg)

Tricia

1 egg

1

4.25

1.18

3.8

0.4

56.4

130

whole wheat toast

1

1.36

0.29

3.9

14.66

78.5

0

orange juice

4 oz

0.34

0.03

0.91

11.45

49.9

0

pepperoni pizza

1 personal pan

28.3

10.62

30.68

110.9

809.48

33.04

coke

16 oz

0

0

0

47

185.98

0

Wendys garden salad

1 salad

5.4

1.35

8.1

8.1

110.7

0

baked potato w/sour cream

1

6.28

3.14

9.4

75.36

380

15.7

My Total 

45.93

16.61

56.79

267.87

1670.96

178.74

Total Recommended

73.3

24.4

50

2200

300

% of Recommended

63%

68%

114%

76%

60%

Make a Chart  (or graph) - Use either set of directions to make a chart in Excel

These directions result in a quick chart added to the spreadsheet.

These directions result in a separate object that can be placed in  another document.

Make a chart comparing the amount you consumed to the recommended amount for each of the nutrients.
To do this, highlight the 2 boxes in column A that say, “my total” and “total recommended”.

While holding the “control” key –lower left on the keyboard-down, highlight the 2 boxes with your totals for the column you want to graph. So, if you are graphing calories, you would highlight H (x or my total) and (y or total recommended) 

Then click on the colored box (red, yellow and blue) at the top that looks like a bar graph. When you place your cursor over it, it will say “chart wizard.”  

You will see a choice of pictures for possible charts and graphs. Choose the one you like. I chose the second one down on the left to get 3-D bars.  Click next,  and next again.

The chart wizard will ask you to add a title. Choose a title that describes the column you are graphing (i.e. “calories” or “fat”) 

Click on the tab at the top that says legend. To remove the legend, click where it says “show legend”. You will see the legend disappear.

Click on the tab that says, “data labels” and click on “show value”.

When you are finished, click on “finish” and your graph should appear on your spreadsheet.

Using Microsoft Word and EXCEL:

Select the type of Chart you want to be inserted by clicking on it.

Once you have made your selection, click the NEXT Button.

Select the data that is to be included in the Chart by clicking the icon located in the right corner of the Data Range Field. This will minimize the size of the Source Data window to display the work sheet. You will select the data by clicking and dragging until you have selected all the relevant data.

Click the NEXT Button located at the bottom of the window.

Now label some of the items. Click on your chart so the handlebars appear.

Go to CHART and choose CHART OPTIONS.

Pick axes. Label the x axis “Actual Calorie Intake vs Recommended”. Label the y axis as “Calories”.

Pick labels. Make an appropriate title.

To change colors of your chart, Choose FORMAT, then on the drop down, choose CHART OBJECTS, then choose FORMAT CHART AREA. You may now select the colors for your chart.

You may then print it out.

See a tutorial: http://www2.nau.edu/edtech/newtutorials/excel/percent/percent.html 

If you want more information on using Excel

http://www.jegsworks.com/lessons/numbers/index.html
http://www.microsoft.com/education/?ID=Excel97tutorial 

Directions to students

Use your spreadsheet data to examine the results and draw conclusions about your eating habits.

 Class Discussion               

After students analyze their spreadsheet results, the teacher will lead a discussion using the following questions:

• How did your daily diet compare to the recommended diet?  

• What nutrient/s did you consume more than recommended?  

• What nutrient/s did you consume less than recommended?  

• How did you select the nutrient you wanted to graph?

• How was looking at your data in a graph different from using
   only the spreadsheet?

• What are some advantages and disadvantages to creating graphs from spreadsheets?

 Observational Notes

 Throughout the lesson the teacher will observe student progress and record assessment information as follows

Student is able to construct a spreadsheet and chart with his/her own data and draws some conclusions from the results with reasonable assistance from the teacher. 

Student Responses

After the class discussion, students will respond to the following prompt in their journal.

Write a summary of your nutritional data. How will you make your food choices differently tomorrow
 as a result of what you found out about your eating habits today?

Think about your other family members.  How do you predict their diets would compare to what is recommended?