-- used esp. of arrangements of plant parts in vernation and of developing fern fronds
|
| |
| Circumscissile
| dehiscing by a transverse fissure around the circumference -- compare loculicidal
|
|
|
| Claw
| the slender, prolonged basal portion of certain petals (as in the pink)
--compare blade
|
|
|
| Clawed
| having claws (see above)
|
|
|
| Column
| the united monadelphous stamens in mallows b : the united androecium and gynoecium in orchids
|
|
|
| Compound
| composed of or produced by the union of several elements, ingredients, parts, or things b : involving combination
|
|
|
| Concave
| arched in : curving in
|
|
| Cone
| a mass of ovule-bearaing or pollen-bearing scales or bracts in trees of the pine family and in cycads arranged usu. on a somewhat elongated axis : a carpellate or staminate strobilus; esp : the carpellate strobilus of pine and related trees <
b>b : any of several flower or fruit clusters suggesting a cone (as of the hop or certain magnolias)
|
|
|
| Connate
| congenitally united
|
|
|
| Connate bractlet
|
|
|
|
| Connate by
connectives
|
|
|
|
| Connate carpel
|
|
|
|
| Connivent
| converging but not fused into a single part (distinguished
from connate
|
|
|
| Contractile root
|
|
|
|
| Corm
| modified underground stem base bearing membranous or scaly leaves and buds and acting as a vegetative reproductive structure in certain monocotyledonous plants (as gladiolus and crocus) -- distinguished from bulb; compare <
a href="#tuber">tuber
|
|
|
| Corolla
| the inner set of floral leaves that immediately surround the sporophylls, consist of separate or fused petals, and are often highly colored in contrast to the calyx but sometimes inconspicuous or even absent
| NM, fr. L, small garland, dim. of corona
|
|
| Corona
| an appendage or series of united appendages borne on the inner side of the corolla in certain flowers (as in the daffodil, jonquil, and milkweed) and often resembling an additional whorl of the perianth
|
|
|
| Cotyledon
| the first leaf or one of the first pair or whorl of leaves developed by the embryo in seed plants and in ferns and related plants that functions primarily to make stored food in the endosperm available to the developing young plant but in some cases
acts as a storage or photosynthetic organ
|
|
|
| Creeping
| tending to spread over the ground or other substrate
|
|
| Cross-shaped
| . . . two intersecting lines or bars usu. of equal or approximately equal length and crossing at or about their midpoints
|
|
|
| Crumpled
| wrinkled, creased, or bent out of shape by or as if by
pressing, folding, or crushing
|
|
|
| Culm
| the jointed stem of a grass usu. hollow except at the often swollen nodes and usu. herbaceous except in the bamboos and other arborescent grasses; also : one of the solid stems of sedges, rushes, and similar monocotyledonous plants
|
|
|
| Cyathium
| an inflorescence consisting of a cuplike involucre with the
flowers arising from its base (as in the poinsettia). more...
|
|
| Cyme
| 1 : an inflorescence in which the main and secondary axes
always terminate in a single flower whether one flower is produced
(as in the wood anemone) or the inflorescence is continued by
secondary and tertiary axes (as in the buttercup) 2 : any flower cluster of
the cyme type containing several or many flowers (as in pink or phlox) with
the first-opening central flower terminating the main axis, subsequent flowers developing
from lateral buds, and the inflorescence therefore exhibiting determinate growth
--compare corymb, raceme
|
|
|
| Cymose
|
|
|
|
| Deciduous
| falling off or shed at the end of the growing period
|
|
|
| Decussate
| arranged in pairs each at right angles to the next pair above
and below -- compare brachiate
|
|
|
| Dehiscence
| a bursting open: as a (1) : the bursting open of
a capsule, pod, or silique at maturity either between the carpels, through
the middle of the carpels, or in some other manner -- compare circumscissile,
;loculicidal, septicidal, septifragal (2)
: the opening of an anther for the discharge of pollen (as by longitudinal slits or pores)
|
|
|
| Dehiscent
| characterized by dehiscence
|
|
|
| Desert
| a region in which the vegetation is so scanty as to be incapable of supporting any considerable population (as a region perpetually cold or covered with snow or ice or a region located in the interior of a continent and characterized by scanty rainfa
ll esp. of less than 10 inches annually)
|
|
|
| Determinate
| growth in which the axis being limited by the devlopment of the terminal flower bud or other reproductive structure does not continue to elongate indefinitely (as in a cymose inflorescence and in certain mosses)
|
|
|
| Diadelphous
| of stamens: united by the filaments into two fascicles
|
|
| Dichotomous
| dividing into two parts or groups
|
|
|
| Dichotomous venation
|
|
|
|
| Dimorphic
| having two forms
|
|
|
| Dioecious
| having staminate and pistillate flowers borne on different individuals
|
|
|
| Disciform
| of round or oval shape
|
|
|
| Disciform head
|
|
|
|
| Discoid
| relating to or having a disk: as a of a composite
floret : situated in the floral disk : being a disk floret b of a
composite flower head > having only tubular florets
|
|
|
| Discoid head
| having only tubular florets
|
|
|
| Disk
| the central portion of the flower head of a typical composite
composed of closely packed tubular flowers
|
|
|
| Disk floret
| one of the tubular flowers in the disk of a composite plant
|
|
|
| Dissected
| deeply divided into many narrow segments (h)
|
|
|
| Dissepiment
| a separating tissue : PARTITION : SEPTUM
|
|
|
| Distinct
| separate, not attached to like parts (h)
|
|
| Drupe
| a one-seeded indehiscent fruit having a hard bony endocarp,
a usu. fleshy mesocarp, and a thin epicarp like a skin
(as in the cherry, plum, and peach) or dry and almost
leathery (as in the almond)
|
|
|
| Drupelet
| one of the individual parts of an aggregate fruit (as the
raspberry)
|
|
| Elater
|
|
|
|
| Elongated style
|
|
|
|
| Emergent
| (or "emersed") rising from or standing out of water (h)
|
|
|
| Endemic
| restricted to or native to a particular area or region :
INDIGENOUS -- used of kinds of organisms; compare exotic
|
|
|
| Endosperm
|
|
|
|
| Entire
| having the margin continuous or not broken by divisions, teeth, or serrations
|
|
|
| Ephedrine
| a white crystalline alkaloid . . . extacted esp. from mahuang or made synthetically and used often in the form of a xalt (as a sulfate) chiefly in relieving hay fever, asthma, and nasal congestion
|
|
|
| Epidermal
| of, relating to, or arising from the epidermis [which is] a layer of primary tissue in higher plants that is commonly one cell thick, often cutinized on its outer surface, and continuous in young plants except over the stomata, that provides protecti
on to underlying parts against mechanical injury and desiccation, and that is largely replaced (as by periderm or exodermis) in older plants except on leaves and herbaceous stems
|
|
|
| Epiphyte
| a plant that grows upon another plant (as a tree) nonparasitically
or sometimes upon some other object (as a building or telegraph wire),
derives its moisture and nutrients from the air and rain and sometimes
from debris accumulating around it . . .
|
|
|
| Episepalous
| growing on or adnate to the sepals
|
|
| Equitant
| overlapping each other transversely at the base (as in an iris)
|
|
|
| Estipulate
| without stipules
|
|
|
| Ethereal oil
| essential oil : any of a large class of volatile odoriferous oils of vegetable origin that impart to plants odor and often other chatacteristic properties, that are obtained from various parts of the plants (as flowers, leaves, or bark) by steam dist
illation, expression, or extraction, that are usu. mixtures of compounds (as terpenoids, aldehydes, or esters), and that are used often in the form of essences in perfumes, flavoring materials, and pharmaceutical preparations : volatile oil; distinguished
from fatty oil and fixed oil
|
|
|
| Exudate
| exuded matter fr. exude: to ooze out slowly in small drops through openings (as pores) . . . b : to flow slowly out : issue slowly forth
|
|
|
| False indusium
|
|
|
|
| Feathery style
|
|
|
|
| Female cone
|
|
|
|
| Fertile
|
|
|
|
| Fibrous
| containing, consisting of or like fibers
|
|
| Filament
| the anther-bearing stalk of a stamen
|
|
|
| Filaments connate
|
|
|
|
| Filiform
|
|
|
|
|
| Filiform floret
|
|
|
|
| Flagellum (pl. flagella)
| a long tapering process that projects singly or in groups from a cell or microorganism, is possibly equivalent to a much enlarged cilium, and is the primary organ of motion of flagellated protozoans and many algae, bacteria, and zoospores <.b>4 :
a long slender shoot (as a stolon or runner) of a plant
|
|
|
| Fleshy receptacle
|
|
|
|
| Floret
| a single flower of a multiple -flowered inflorescence; esp b one of the small individual flowers that make up the head of a comjposite plant -- compare DISK FLOWER, RAY FLOWER
|
|
| Follicle
| a dry dehiscent one-celled, many-seeded, and monocarpellary fruit (as that of the peony, larkspur, or milkweed) differing from a pod or legume in opening along only one (as the inner or ventral) suture
|
|
|
| Free
| not united or combined with something else; distinct, separate
|
|
|
| Fritillary
| a plant of the genus Fritillaria
|
|
|
| Fruit
| the reproductive body of a seed plant consisting of one or
more seeds and usu. various protective and supporting structures
| fr. L fructus past part. of frui to enjoy, have
the use and enjoyment of
|
|
| Fused
| mingled, blended, integrated
|
|
|
| Fused carpel
|
|
|
|
| Gametophyte
| the individual or generation of a plant exhibiting alternation of generations that bears sex organs, constitutes the major part of the plant body in most algae, fungi, and mosses, exists as an independent transitory thalloid body in ferns and related
plants, and is reduced to a microscopic or rudimentary structure in see plants -- distinguished from sporohphyte
|
|
|
| Glandular hairs
|
|
|
| Glochid
| glochidium : a barbed hair or spine (as on the massulae of a water fern or on some cacti)
|
|
|
| Glume
| one of the two empty bracts at the base of the spikelet in grasses
|
|
| Green
| having the color of growing fresh grass or of the emerald
|
|
|
| Gynobasic
|
|
|
|
| Halophyte
| a plant that grows naturally in soils having a high content of
various salts, that usu. resembles a true xerophyte and that occurs in
many families (as Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Plumbaginaceae) -- compare
mesophyte
|
|
|
| Head
| capitulum
|
|
|
| Helophyte
| a perennial marsh plant having its overwintering buds under
water -- compare hydrophyte
| NL, fr. Gk helos marsh
|
|
| Heterosporous
| characterized by the production of asexual spores of more than
one kind
|
|
|
| Homosporous
| characterized by the production by various plants (as the club
mosses and horsetails) of asexual spores of only one kind
|
|
|
| Host
| a living animal or plant affording subsistence or lodgment to
a parasite
|
|
|
| Hydrophyte
| a vascular plant growing wholly or partly in water; esp : a perennial aquatic plant having its overwintering buds under water b : a plant requiring an abundance of water for growth and growing in water or in
soil too waterlogged for most other plants to survive -- compare mesophyte, xerophyte
|
|
|
| Husk
| the outer covering of a kernel or seed esp. when dry and
membranous
|
|
|
| Hygroscopic
| sensitive to moisture b : induced by moisture
|
|
|
| Hypanthium
| an enlargement of the usu. cup-shaped receptacle bearing
on its rim the stamens, perals, and sepals of a flower and
often enlarging and surrounding the fruits (as in the rose hip)
|
|
|
| Imbricate
|
|
|
|
| Imperfect
| DICLINOUS: having the stamens and pistils in separate flowers -- compare MONOCLINOUS, MONOECIOUS, DIOECIOUS
|
|
|
| Indehiscent
|
|
|
| Indusium
|
|
|
|
| Inferior
| of a part of a plant a : situated below another organ:
(1) of a calyx : free from the ovary (2) of an ovary :
adnate to the calyx or other floral envelope
|
|
|
| Inferior ovule
|
|
|
|
| Inflorescence
| the mode of development and arrangement of flowers on an axis (2): a floral axis with its appendages : a flower cluster or sometimes a solitary flower
|
|
|
| Intergrading
|
|
|
|
| Internode
|
|
|
|
| Involucral bract
|
|
|
|
| Involucre
|
|
|
|
| Irregular
| of a flower or its parts :
lacking uniformity; specif : zygomorphic
(or) bilaterally symmetrical; said of a flower in which
all parts are not similar in size and arrangement on the
receptacle (compare regular,
and see zygomorphic) (h)
|
|
|
| Jointed
|
|
|
|
| Laterals
|
|
|
|
| Labellum
|
|
|
|
| Laminar
|
|
|
|
| Lateral
|
|
|
|
| Lateral vein
|
|
|
|
| Latex
| a milky usu. white fluid of variable compostition that is usu.
made up of various gum resins, fats, or waxes and often a complex
mixture of other substances frequently including
poisonous compounds, this is found in or produced by cells of
plants esp of the Asclepiadaceae but also of the Apocynaceae,
Sapotaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Papaveraceaea, Moraceae, and Compositae,
and that yields rubber, gutta-percha, chicle, and balata as its chief
commercial products
|
|
|
| Leaf
|
|
|
|
| Legume
|
|
|
|
| Lemma
|
|
|
|
| Ligulate floret
|
|
|
|
| Ligulate flower
|
|
|
|
| Ligulate head
|
|
|
| Ligule
|
|
|
|
| Lip
|
|
|
| Lobed
|
|
|
|
| Locule
| (loculus) one of the cells of the compound ovary of a plant (2) : the cavity of a pollen sac
|
|
| Loculicidal
| dehiscent longitudinally so as to bisect each loculus
--compare circumscissile, septicidal
|
|
|
| Lodicule
|
|
|
|
| Loment
|
|
|
|
| Long shoots
|
|
|
|
| Marginal
|
|
|
| Marginal placentation
|
|
|
|
| Mealy
|
|
|
|
| Megaspore
|
|
|
|
| Membranous
|
|
|
|
| Mesophyte
| a plant that grows under medium conditions of moisture -- compare hydrophyte, #xerophyte
|
|
|
| Mericarp
| one of the two carpels that resemble achenes and form the
schizocarp of an umbelliferous plant
|
|
|
| Mesic
| of a habitat : having or characterized by a moderate
amount of moisture : neither hydric not xeric; of a plant or flora
: mesophytic
| Gk mesos middle
|
|
| Midvein
| midrib : the central vein of a leaf
|
|
|
| Milky sap
|
|
|
|
| Monadelphous
| united by the filaments into one group usu. forming a tube
around the gynoecium
|
|
|
| Monocarpic
| bearing fruit but once and dying--used esp. of annual
and biennial flowering plants; compare century plant
|
|
|
| Monocarpous
| having a single ovary
|
|
|
| Monoclinous
| having the stamens and pistils in the same flower -- compare DICLINOUS, MONOECIOUS, DIOECIOUS
|
|
|
|
| Monoecious
| having pistillate and staminate flowers on the same plant
|
|
|
| Monophyletic
| developed from a single common parent form
|
|
|
| Monopodial
| having or involving offshoots from a main axis
|
|
|
| Motile
| exhibing or capable of movement
|
|
|
| Mucilage cell
|
|
|
|
| Mycorrhiza
| the symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus (as
various basidiomycetes and ascomycetes) with the roots of a seed plant (as
various conifers, beeches, heaths, and orchids) in which the hyphae form
an interwoven mass investing the root tips or penetrate the parenchyma of
the root
|
|
|
| Naked floret
|
|
|
|
| Naked receptacle
|
|
|
|
| Neuter
| having no generative organs
|
|
|
| Node
| the often swollen or otherwise modified point on a stem or similar structure at which a leaf or leaves are inserted
|
|
|
| Nucleus
| an element of the protoplasm of most plant and animal cells that is regarded as an essential agent in their metabolism, growth, and reproduction and in the transmission of hereditary characters and that typically consists of a more or less rounded ma
ss of nucleoplasm made up of a hyaline ground substance in which is suspended a network rich in nucleoproteins from which the mitotic chromosomes and one or more nucleoli condense, the whole being enclosed by a nuclear membrane
|
|
|
| Nut
| a dry indehiscent one-seeded fruit (as an acorn, hazelnut, or chestnut) with a woody pericarp developing from an inferior syncarpous ovary
|
|
|
| Nutlet
| a small nut-like fruit (as of many plants of the family Boraginaceae)
|
|
|
| Ocrea
| a tubular sheath around the base of the petiole consisting of a single stipule in the red clover or a pair of coherent stipules in the buckwheat family (Polygoniaceae)
|
|
| Opposite
| situated in pairs on an axis each being separated from the other by half the circumference of the axis (2) of floral parts : SUPERPOSED (3) situated side by side
|
|
|
| Ovary
| the enlarged rounded usu. basal portion of the pistil or
gynoecium of an agiospermous plant that bears the ovules and
consists of a single carpel or of several united carpels
|
|
| Ovary inferior
|
|
|
|
| Ovary superior
| free from the calyx or other floral envelope
|
|
|
| Ovary wall
|
|
|
|
| Ovule
| a rounded outgrowth of the ovary in seed plants that
develops into a seed usu. only after fertilization and that
consists of an embryo sac borne centrally within a nucellus,
the latter surrounded by one or more integuments
|
|
|
| Pachycaul
|
|
|
|
| Palea
|
|
|
| Palmate
| having lobes radiating from a common point -- used orig.
only of 5-lobed leaves but now also of other lobed leaves, of
leaf venation, and of other plant organs (as the tubers of some
orchids)
|
|
|
| Palmately
compound
|
|
|
|
| Palmately
dissected
|
|
|
|
| Palmately lobed
|
|
|
| Palmately veined
|
|
|
|
| Panicle
| a compound racemose inflorescence that is
usu. a raceme in
which the secondary branches are themselves racemose (as the
inflorescence of yuccas) but sometimes merges into the cymose
type (as in the horse chestnut)
|
|
|
| Pappus
| the appendage or tuft of appendages crowning the ovary or
fruit in various seed plants (as composites), being adapted for dispersal
of the fruit by wind or other agencies, and consisting of all or part fo
the perianth modified into bristles. scales, awns, or short teeth b
: the group of bristles formed around the fruit by the calyx of
members of the Dipsacaceae, Valerianaceae, and Calyceraceae
| Gk. pappos grandfather, old man, down of the chin
|
|
| Paraphyletic
|
|
|
|
| Parietal
| peripheral in location or orientation; esp : attached to the main wall rather than the axis or a cross wall of an ovary --used of an ovule or placenta
|
|
|
| Parietal placentation
|
|
|
|
| Pedicel
| one of the ultimate single flower-bearing divisions of a common peduncle (2) b a peduncle esp. if slender or delicate that bears a single flower
|
|
|
| Peduncle
| a stalk that bears a flower or flower cluster -- see pedicel
|
|
|
| Pellucid dot
|
|
|
| Peltate
| having the stem or support attached to the lower surface
instead of at the base or margin
|
|
|
| Peltate scales
|
|
|
|
| Peltate
aromatic glands
|
|
|
|
| Peltate scales
|
|
|
|
| Pepo
| an indehiscent fleshy 1-celled or falsely three-celled
many-seeded berry usu. with a hard rind (as a pumpkin, squash, melon, and
cucumber) that is the characteristic fruit of the famiy Curcurbitaceae
| L. a melon
|
|
| Perennial
| continuing or lasting for several years--used specif. of a
plant (as delphinium) that dies back seasonally and produces new growth
from a perennating part
|
|
|
| Perfect
| with both male and female reproductive organs (stamens and pistils); bisexual (h)
|
|
|
| Perianth
| the external envelope of a flower : floral leaves esp.
when not differentiated into calyx and corolla
|
|
|
| Perigynium
| the saclike bract that subtends the pistillate flower of
sedges of the genus Carex and that in fruit becomes a flask-shaped
envelope investing the achene
|
|
|
| Petaloid
| resembling a flower petal in form, appearance, or texture
|
|
|
| Petiole
| a slender stem that supports the blade of a foliage leaf and
that is usu. cylindrical but sometimes flattened or even winged
|
|
|
| Phyllary
| one of the involucral bracts subtending the flower head of a
composite plant
|
|
|
| Phyllode
| a flat expanded petiole that replaces the blade of a foliage
leaf, fulfills the same functions, and is analogous to but not homologous
with a cladophyll
|
|
|
| Phytomelanin
| a papery "sooty" black layer over the seed of plants in the Asparagales,
which includes agaves, aloes, onions and hyacinths. It is an important
character for defining the group.(from UCMP Berkeley
Glossary
|
|
|
| Pinked
| with a saw-toothed edge
| ME pynken to make holes with a pointed instrument
|
|
| Pinna
| a leaflet or primary division of a pinnate leaf or frond
|
|
| Pinnate
| resembling a feather esp. in having similar parts arranged
on opposite sides of an axis like the barbs on the rachis of a
feather -- used esp. of compound leaves
|
|
|
| Pinnately compound
|
|
|
| Pinnately lobed
| (pinnatilobate) with pinnately arranged lobes (h)
|
|
|
| Pinnate venation
|
|
|
|
| Pistil
| the ovule-bearing organ of a seed plant : the ovary
with its appendages (as style and stigma)
|
|
|
| Pistillate
|
|
|
|
| Pistillate flower
|
|
|
|
| Pistillate
inflorescence
|
|
|
| Placenta
|
|
|
|
| Placentation
|
|
|
|
| Plumose
| feathery, plumelike
|
|
|
| Pollen
| a mass of microspores in a seed plant appearing usu. as a fine
dust made up of minute granular microspores typically formed in fours by
reduction of a pollen mother cell with each grain consisting of a single
cell that has a characteristicall sculptured outer wall and gives rise
on germination to a pollen tube through which its male generative element
passes to the ovule for fertilization of the egg
|
|
|
| Pollinium
| (pl. Pollinia) the coherent mass of pollen grains that
characterizes members of the Orchidaceae and Asclepiadaceae and often has
a stalk bearing an adhesive disk that clings to visiting insects and
facilitates withdrawal of the whole pollinium from its receptacle
|
|
|
| Polyphyletic
| derived (as by convergence) from more than one ancestral line
|
|
|
| Pome
| a fleshy accessory fruit (as of an apple) consisting of a
central core with usu. five seeds enclosed within a bony or papery
capsule made up of fused carpels and of an outer thickened fleshy layer
made up of the much enlarged receptacle
|
|
|
| Pore
| a minute opening esp. in an animal or plant by which matter passes through a membrane
|
|
|
| Prickle
| a sharp pointed emergence arising from the epidermis or bark
of a plant
|
|
|
| Procumbent
| being or having stems that trail along the ground without putting forth roots
|
|
|
| Prophyll
| a plant structure resembling a leaf (as a bracteole) or
consisting of a modified or rudimentary leaf (as a foliar
primordium)
|
|
|
| Prostrate
| trailing on the ground : PROCUMBENT
|
|
|
| Pulp
| the soft succulent part of fruit
|
|
|
| Pulvinus
| a cushionlike enlargement of the base of a petiole or
petiolule consiting of a mass of large thin-walled cells surrounding a
vascular strand and functioning in turgor movements of leaves or
leaflets by reversible volume changes in the cells
|
|
| Raceme
| an inflorescence (as in the currant or lily-of-the-valley) in
which the flowers are borne on stalks of about equal length along
an elongated axis that continues to grow during flowering and
open in succession from below -- compare cyme, corymb
| L. racemus: cluster of grapes or berries
|
|
| Racemose
|
|
|
| Rachilla
|
|
|
| Radial
|
|
|
|
| Radiate
|
|
|
|
| Radiate head
|
|
|
|
| Ray
|
|
|
|
| Ray floret
|
|
|
|
| Receptacle
| the end of the flower stalk on which the floral organs are borne and which is often somewhat enlarged (as in the composites) -- called also torus
|
|
|
| Receptacular
bract
|
|
|
|
| Regular
| of a flower : having the members of each whorl
symmetrical with respect to form : actinomorphic --
compare irregular
|
|
|
| Replum
|
|
|
|
| Resin
|
|
|
|
| Resinous
|
|
|
|
| Resupinate
| inverted in position : appearing by a twist of the axis to be upside down or reversed
|
|
|
| Rhizomatous
|
|
|
|
| Rhizome
|
|
|
|
| Ribbed
|
|
|
|
| Ridges and grooves
|
|
|
|
| Rosette
| a cluster of leaves developed in crowded circles or spirals
from a crown or very short internode either basally (as in a
dandelion) or at the apex (as in many tropical palms)
|
|
|
| Rosin
|
|
|
|
| Rostellum
|
|
|
|
| Rotate
| having the parts flat and spreading or radiating like the spokes of a wheel
|
|
|
| Rust
| or rust disease : any of numerous destructive diseases of plants produced by fungi of the order Uredinales and characterized by reddish brown pustular lesions on stems, leaves, or other plant parts
|
|
|
| Saccate
| having the form of a sac or pouch
|
|
| Samara
| a dry indehiscent usu. one-seeded winged fruit (as of an ash or elm tree)
|
|
|
| Sap
| the fluid part of a plant; specif : a watery solution of gases (as carbon dioxide), salts and other materials from the soil, and organic products of metabolism that circulate through the vascular system, carries raw materials to the periphera
l chlorophyll-bearing cells, translocates the products of metabolism to other parts of the plant for use or storage and is a major commercial source of sugar in sugarcane, various palms, and the sugar maple
|
|
|
| Saprophyte
| a plant living on dead or decaying organic matter
|
|
|
| Scale
| one of the modified leaves serving in most seed plants to protect a bud before expansion . . . b : a thin membranous, chaffy or woody bract . . . d : the small appendage at the base of the petal in some plants of the family Caryophyllaceae e : one of
the disklike trichomes making up the characteristic silvery or scurfy pubescence of the foliage in some plants (as Russian olive)
|
|
|
| Scarious
| thin and membranous in texture
|
|
|
| Scarious margined
|
|
|
|
| Schizocarp
|
|
|
|
| Schizocarpic
capsule
|
|
|
|
| Scorpioid
| having a circinate arrangement of parts -- used chiefly of inflorescences
|
|
|
| Scorpioid cyme
|
|
|
|
| Seed
| the fertilized and ripened ovule of a seed plant comprising a miniature plant usu. accompanied by a supply of food (as endospernm or perisperm), enclosed in a protective seed coat, often accompanied by auxiliary structures (as an aril or caruncle), a
nd capable under suitable conditions of independent development into a plant similar to the one that produced it -- see ENDOCARP
|
|
| Seed coat
| the outer protective covering of a seed that is developed from one or more integuments often in combination with other adherent parts of the ovary (as in a caryopsis)
|
|
|
| Sepal
| one of the modified leaves comprising a calyx -- compare PETAL
|
|
|
| Sepaloid
| resembling or having the nature of a sepal
|
|
| Septicidal
| dehiscent longitudinally at or along a septum -- compare LOCULICIDAL>
|
|
|
| Septifragal
| breaking from the partitions -- used of dehiscence in which the valves of a capsule or pod break away from the dissepiments
|
|
|
| Sessile
|
|
|
|
| Seta
| the slender stalk of the sporogonium of a bryophyte e : one of the stalked glands on plants of the genus Rubus f : the bristle in the utricle of some plants of the genus Carex
| NL, fr. L seta, saeta bristle
|
|
| Sheath
| (1) : the lower part of a leaf (as of a grass) that more or
less completely surrounds the stem (2) : an ensheathing spathe
(3) ocrea
|
|
| Sheathing
|
|
|
|
| Sheathing base
|
|
|
|
| Sheathing bract
|
|
|
|
| Sheathing stipule
|
|
|
|
| Shoot
|
|
|
|
| Short shoot
|
|
|
|
| Silicle
|
|
|
|
| Silique
|
|
|
| Simple
|
|
|
|
| Single
| consisting of only one in number . . . b : having only the normal number of petals or rays : not double--used esp. of a horticultural plant
|
|
|
| Solitary
|
|
|
|
| Sorus (pl. sori)
| a cluster of reproductive bodies or spores on a lower plant: as a : a clump of sporangia on a fertile frond of a fern
|
|
| Spadix
| a fleshy or succulent spike that is usu. subtended by or
enclosed in a leaflike spathe and is the inflorescence
characteristic of the arums and palms
|
|
|
| Spathe
| a sheathing bract or pair of bracts subtending or enclosing an
inflorescence on the same axis exhibiting much variation in form
and coloring, and occurring typically in plants whose inflorescence
is a spadix or in modified form in many monocotyledonous plants (as the irises)
|
|
| Spike
| an elongated indeterminate inflorescence similar to a raceme but having the flowers sessile on the main axis (as in common plantain)
| fr L. spica ; head (of grain), tuft (of a plant)
|
| Spikelet
|
|
|
|
| Spikelike cluster
|
|
|
|
| Spine
|
|
|
|
| Spine-tipped
|
|
|
|
| Spiny leaf
|
|
|
|
| Spiral band
|
|
|
|
| Sporangiophore
|
|
|
| Sporangium
| (pl. sporangia) A spore-bearing case or sac.
| Gr. sporos: a sowing 2. seedtime.
II seed, produce, a crop.
|
|
| Spore wall
|
|
|
|
| Sporophyll
|
|
|
|
| Spurred
|
|
|
|
| Square stem
|
|
|
|
| Stalk
|
|
|
|
| Stamen
|
|
|
|
| Stamen column
|
|
|
|
| Staminate
|
|
|
|
| Staminate flower
|
|
|
|
| Staminate
inflorescence
|
|
|
|
| Staminodium
| an abortive or sterile stamen (as in the flowers of the genus Parnassia)
|
|
|
| Stem succulent
|
|
|
|
| Stigma lobe
|
|
|
|
| Stipular spines
|
|
|
|
| Stipulate
|
|
|
| Stipule
|
|
|
|
| Strobilus
| a conelike aggregation of sporophylls (as in the club mosses and horsetails) b : the cone of a gymnosperm
|
|
|
| Style
| the usu. elongated portion of a pistil that connects the ovary with the stigma of a plant : a filiform prolongation of a plant ovary bearing a stigma at its apex
|
|
|
| Style branch
|
|
|
|
| Stylopodium
|
|
|
|
| Subtend
| to occupy an adjacent and usu. lower position to and often so as to embrace or enclose (a bract ~ing a flower)
|
|
|
| Subulate
|
|
|
|
| Succulent
| having fleshy and juicy tissues
|
|
|
| Superior
| a : situated above another organ: (1) of a calyx : attached to and apparently arising from the ovary (2 of an ovary : free from the calyx or other floral envelope
|
|
|
| Superior carpel
|
|
|
| Superior ovary
|
|
|
|
| Suture
|
|
|
|
| Swollen
| protuberant or abnormally distended
|
|
|
| Swollen node
|
|
|
|
| Sympodial
|
|
|
|
| Syncarpous
|
|
|
|
| Synoecious
| with staminate and pistillate flowers together in the same head (h)
|
|
| Tendril
|
|
|
|
| Tepal
| any of the modified leaves making up a perianth
|
|
|
| Terete
| approximately cylindrical but usu. tapering at one or both ends
|
|
|
| Terminal
| growing at the end of a branch or stem -- compare lateral
|
|
|
| Throat
|
|
|
| Thyrse
| an inflorescence as in the lilac and horse chestmut in which the main axis is
racemose and the secondary and later axes are cymose
|
|
|
| Thyrsoid
| having somewhat the form of a thyrse
|
|
|
| Tracheid
| a long tubular cell that is peculiar to xylem, functions in conduction and support, and is characterized by tapering closed ends which are not absorbed as in tracheae and by thickened strongly lignified walls which commonly have bordered pits
|
|
|
| Triangular
|
|
|
|
| Triangular
appendage
|
|
|
|
|
| Tropics
|
|
|
|
| Tube
|
|
|
|
| Tuber
|
|
|
|
| Tubular
|
|
|
| Umbel
| a racemose inflorescence that is characteristic esp. of the family Umbelliferae and has the flower stalks in a cluster arising from a common point at the apex of the main stalk and reaching approximately the same height and sometimes branching again
to form secondary clusters
|
|
|
| Umbellate
| bearing, consisting of, or arranged in umbels 2 : resembling an umbel in form
|
|
|
| Unisexual
|
|
|
|
| United bract
|
|
|
|
| Unwinged
|
|
|
|
| Urceolate
|
|
|
| Utricle
|
|
|
|
| Valvate
|
|
|
|
| Velamen (pl. velamina)
| the thick whitish or greenish multiseriate corky epidermis covering the aerial roots of an epiphytic orchid and consisting of compactly arranged nonliving cells capapble of absorbing water from the atmosphere
|
|
|
| Vernation
| the arrangement of foliage leaves within the bud
|
|
|
| Verticil
| a circle or whorl of similar body parts (as flowers about a point on an axis . . . )
|
|
|
| Vessel
| a conducting tube in a vacscular plant formed in the xylem by the fusion and loss of end walls of a series of cells -- compare TRACHEID
|
|
|
| Vestigial
| relating to or being a vestige, [being] a small and degenerate or imperfectly developed bodily part or organ that remains from one more fully developed in an earlier stage of the individual, in a past generation, or in closely related forms
|
|
|
| Vestigial teeth
|
|
|
|
|
| Viscidium
|
|
|
|
| Weed
| an introduced plant growing in ground that is or has been in cultivation usu. to the detriment of the crop or to the disfigurement of the place : an economically useless plant : a plant of unsightly appearance esp : one of
wild or rank growth
|
|
| Whorled
| an arrangement of two or more anatomical parts or organs of one kind in a circle around the same point on an axis
|
|
|
| Winged
|
|
|
|
| Woody cupule
|
|
|
|
| Xerophyte
| a plant structually adapted for life nd growth with with a limited water supply esp. by means of mechanisms (as epidermal thickening , waxy or resinous coats, or dense pubescence) that limit transpiration or that provide for the storabe of water -- u
sed both of desert plants and of those occupying environments (as salt marshes or acid bogs) where water absorption is impeded by excess salts or acids in solution; compare HYDROPHYTE, MESOPHYTE
|
|
|
| Winged
|
|
|
| Zygomorphic
| bilaterally symetrical specif : capable of
division into esentially symmetrical halves by only one longitudinal plane
passing through the axis -- compare actinomorphic
|
|
