PRM 275 Introduction to Program Planning Test #1

Charles Hammersley, Ph.D.

Select or fill in the best answer for each item below and then click "submit" to send your answers. Spelling counts in the short answer items. Please be sure to include your correct e-mail address in the test.

  1. Equity is a non-economic way to measure the benefits of leisure.

    2. Your answer:
    True False

  2. Leisure programming begins by understanding individuals' needs, wants and desires.

    3. Your answer:
    True False

  3. The work of the leisure programmer is to create the conditions that enable people to experience leisure.

    4. Your answer:
    True False

  4. The values and benefits people seek from leisure are difficult to quantify and measure.

    5. Your answer:
    True False

  5. Leisure services are tangible.

    6. Your answer:
    True False

  6. The majority of leisure services are labor intensive operations.

    7. Your answer:
    True False

  7. Leisure services can be created in advance.

    8. Your answer:
    True False

  8. Labels will have a direct impact on the type of professional relationship established.

    9. Your answer:
    True False

  9. There are essential differences in the marketing of services as compared to the manufacturing and the delivery of products.

    10. Your answer:
    True False

  10. Social marketing presumes that there is a disadvantaged population, great social injustice and a need to force the system to change the way they distribute resources.

    11. Your answer:
    True False

  11. Community development is based on direct service delivery.

    12. Your answer:
    True False

  12. The use of organizational strategies and program theories should be situationally or culturally specific.

    13. Your answer:
    True False

  13. Social planning is referred to as direct service delievery.

    14. Your answer:
    True False

  14. People and their behavior remain constant throughout their life.

    15. Your answer:
    True False

  15. The creation of leisure experience with consequent benefits is the definition for:

    16. Your answer:
    recreation
    programming
    planning
    evaluation

  16. A process oriented strategy directed toward helping individuals identify their own problems and asisting them with resources, is:

    17. Your answer:

  17. The vehicles that professionals use to deliver benefits to customers are called:

    18. Your answer:

  18. A strategy which is a task oriented process directed toward rationally and logically distributing leisure services is:

    19. Your answer:

  19. A philosophy that focuses the work of the entire organization on satisfying the customer, is the defintion for:

    20. Your answer:

  20. The third stage in the product life cycle is:

    21. Your answer:

  21. Which ONE of the following is NOT one of the 5 P's of the marketing mix?

    22. Your answer:
    personnel
    price
    product
    place

  22. A program theory which establishes many programs opportunities and allows the customer to choose is:

    23. Your answer:
    traditional approach
    cafeteria approach
    current practice
    prescriptive

  23. A program theory where leisure services are used to move a person from a dysfunctional state to a functional one is:

    24. Your answer:
    prescriptive
    traditional approach
    current practice
    cafeteria approach

  24. A term used to describe individuals who were born in the same time interval is:

    25. Your answer:
    user
    patron
    client
    cohort

  25. A program theory which determines what programs were offered in the past and relying on this format for future plans is:

    26. Your answer:
    traditional approach
    educated guess
    symbolic interactive
    cafeteria

  26. A program theory where the customer shares in the process involved in the formulation of an organization's program is:

    27. Your answer:
    authoritarian
    expressed desire
    educated guess
    symbolic interactive

  27. A program theory where the programmer identifies current trends within the field and applies these to their own situation is:

    28. Your answer:
    current practice
    prescriptive
    symbolic interactive
    authoritarian

  28. A program theory where the executive officer is unwilling to share the decision making process with others, is:

    29. Your answer:
    symbolic interactive
    reactive plan
    authoritarian
    trickle down

  29. A program theory which suggests that leisure experiences are created by particpating individuals through interactions with objects in a social setting is:

    30. Your answer:
    trickle down
    indigenous development
    reactive plan
    symbolic interactive

  30. Standards which govern the relationship between the professional and those he/she serves are called:

    31. Your answer:
    agency policies
    criminal laws
    code of ethics
    code of procedures

  31. A label used for individuals who passively receives recommendations of the programmer is:

    32. Your answer:
    consumer
    patron
    user
    client

  32. A label used to describe one who is free to choose, to decide what services best meet their needs is:

    33. Your answer:
    consumer
    participant
    user
    patron

  33. A label used to describe a relationship of satisfaction that has been developed which results in a continuing interaction is:

    34. Your answer:
    visitor
    patron
    participant
    user

  34. A label used to describe a relationship that is one of need, dependency and dependability is:

    35. Your answer:
    visitor
    patron
    guest
    user

  35. A label used to describe one who shares or takes part in an activity or service is:

    36. Your answer:
    visitor
    patron
    consumer
    participant

  36. Which ONE of the following is NOT a demographic variable/factor?

    37. Your answer:
    psycho-social status
    marital status
    age
    gender

  37. Which of the following is the first common element of a profession?

    38. Your answer:
    code of ethics
    organizations to transmit knowledge
    organized body of knowldege
    creation of professional authority

  38. The first stage of Erikson's "stages of develpment" is:

    39. Your answer:
    intimacy vs isolation
    industry vs inferiority
    autonomy vs shame
    trust vs mistrust

  39. Which ONE of the following is NOT a variable which impacts customer behavior?

    40. Your answer:
    differentiation
    time deepening
    time pressure
    involvement

  40. Which ONE of the following is NOT an important element of leisure service programming according to Kraus (1985)?

    41. Your answer:
    direct activity leadership
    related program services
    program planning and implementation
    supervision of special events

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