A General Portrayal of the Manchu Period and "China Entering the 19^th C"

(Vohra, p. 10; lc. Para.2)

Qing Political Structure and Problems
 

a) General problems:

• •The Manchu-Han enmity (pp. 10-11)
• •The problem of governmental corruption (p. 11; p. 15)
• •Restrictions on external trade (pp. 11-12)

 

• •Inner court and central government (pp. 12-13)
• •Local government (pp. 13-14)
• •The examination system (pp. 14-15)
• •The organization of the military (note especially the ethnic or "nationality" issues herein (pp. 16-17)
• •Law and society (note especially the way in which thebaojia system worked (pp. 17-18; 19-20)

 

Note that: 

1) These structures and patterns of development are not peculiar to the Qing period;

2) Pay attention to the last section, on the "secret societies" and the role they played in Chinese social history.