Map of China

I. Introduction

Focus of the Discussion: The relationship between Socialism and Nationalism in the context of "Revolutionary China" in the first half of the twentieth-century and beyond.

What does this mean? Questions:

A. The revolutionary context of twentieth-century Chinese history.

B. The two revolutions and their relationship.

C. Is "socialism" or "nationalism" (or "From Nationalism to Socialism") a sufficient way of understanding changes and developments in China in the twentieth century?

A. A working definition of "socialism."

B. The theory of socialism as a theory of history.

C. Characteristics of modern socialist theory and its application to China.

A. The beginnings of socialist ideas or "proto-socialism" in China.

B. socialism and Socialism in the post-1911 era.

C. The "First United Front": Socialism in the Reorganized Nationalist Revolutionary Movement.

IV. Socialism against Nationalism in the nationalist Revolution: (pp. 133-182)

A. Nationalism's appropriation of the nationalist revolution.

B. Exclusion and marginalization of Socialism from the nationalist revolution.

C. Contestation between Nationalism and Socialism for nationalism in China.

D. Alternative nationalisms.

E. Socialism's appropriation of the nationalist revolution.

V. nationalism in the Socialist Revolution after 1949 (pp. 183-212)

A. Socialism in a modern-nation building agenda and nationalism in a modern-socialism building agenda.

B. The struggle between the Two Lines: Resuming the Socialism versus Nationalism Struggle.

C. Birthing of a New Modernization and a New Socialism.