Example: How to score DMFT

Chart of DMFT by country

0

Normal

The enamel surface is smooth, glossy and usually a pale creamy-white color.

1

Questionable

The enamel shows slight aberrations from the translucency of normal enamel, which may range from a few white flecks to occasional spots.

2

Very Mild

Small, opaque, paper-white areas scattered irregularly over the tooth but involving less than 25% of the labial tooth surface.

3

Mild

The white opacity of the enamel of the teeth is more extensive than for code 2, but covers less than 50% of the tooth surface.

4

Moderate

The enamel surfaces of the teeth show marked wear and brown stain is frequently a disfiguring feature.

5

Severe

The enamel surfaces are badly affected and hypoplasia is so marked that the general form of the tooth may be affected. There are pitted or worn areas and brown stains are widespread; the teeth often have a corroded appearance.

CODE

CONDITION

TREATMENT NEEDED

0

Healthy
No pockets- entire black area of probe visible

Preventive

1

Bleeding on probing
No pockets- entire black area of probe visible

Oral hygiene instruction (OHI)

2

Calculus or iatrogenic marginal irritation
No pockets- entire black area of probe visible

OHI and debridement

3

Shallow pockets up to 5mm
Gingival margin is on black area of probe

OHI and debridement

4

Deeper pockets from 6mm
Black area of probe not visible

OHI, calculus removal and complex treatment

*

Severe recession (3.5mm)
Furcation involvement
Mobility
Mucogingival problems

Gingival Index (GI)
Loe and Silness

Assesses severity of gingivitis
based on color, consistency & bleeding

0

normal

1

mild inflam, slight color change and edema, no bleeding

2

moderate inflam, redness, edema, bleeds on probing

3

severe inflam, marked redness and edema, ulceration, spontaneous bleeding

Modified Gingival Index (MGI) Lobene

Modified to be more sensitive in the lower portion of the scale,
and to be non-invasive, excludes bleeding

0

Normal, no inflammation

1

Localized mild inflammation

2

Generalized mild inflammation

3

Moderate inflammation

4

Severe inflammation

Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI)

Carter and Barnes

Records presence or absence of bleeding using floss

Interdental Bleeding Index Eastman

Uses stimudent

Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI) Muhlemann

Measures severity of bleeding

quantifies bleeding in the papillary region

0 = no bleeding

1 = point of blood 2 = line, points, speck 3 = triangle

4 = profuse bleeding

Plaque Index (PI) Silness and Loe

Uses plaque thickness

Doesn't require disclosing

Plaque Control Record

O'Leary, Drake, Naylor

Tooth is divided into 4 or 6 surfaces

# of tooth surfaces having plaque divided by total number of surfaces results in a % plaque figure

Quigley-Hein, Turesky Modification

Most commonly used today for research
0 = no plaque
1 = separate flecks of plaque
2 = continuous band to 1 mm
3 = >1mm and <1/3 of tooth surface
4 = >1/3 and <2/3
5 = >2/3 of tooth covered with plaque

Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP)
(Podshadley and Haley)

The tooth is divided into 5 subdivisions: (2 interproximal areas, with the lingual or facial divided into 3 areas: cervical, coronal and middle thirds)

Each area with plaque is scored a point so each tooth can range from 1-5 points. Total score for all teeth (3,8,14,19,24,30) is divided by the number of teeth scored for a total score.
Excellent - 0
Good - 0.1 - 1.7
Fair - 1.8 - 3.4
Poor - 3.5 - 5

Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S)
(Greene and Vermillion)

Scoring: Oral Debris (DI-S) & Calculus (CI-S) scores are added for total score (OHI-S)
Oral Debris:(DI-S)
0 = no debris
1 = soft debris over < 1/3 of tooth
2 = soft debris covers 1/3 to 2/3 of tooth
3 = soft debris covers> 2/3 of tooth

Calculus: (CI-S)
0 = no caclulus
1 = supra calculus over < 1/3 of tooth
2 = supra calculus over 1/3 to 2/3 of tooth
3 = supra calculus over > 2/3 of tooth

Teeth scored are: 3facial, 8facial, 14facial, 19lingual, 24facial, 30lingual

Total debris score is divided by the number of teeth scored.
Scoring for each component of the OHI-S
Excellent - 0
Good -0.1-0.6
Fair - 0.7-1.8
Poor 1.9-3.0