1. Darwin commented that the Galapagos Islands were the "…origins of all my views." What did Darwin mean by this comment? What was the evidence from the GIs that caused him to state this?
2 points.

2. Why does radioactive decay provide a good clock?
1 point.

3. Define a biological specimen. (see Chapter 11)
1 point.

4. Using the finches as a model (beak size), state a reason why sculpins had many speciation events.
1 point.

5. Compare fig. 9-14 with fig. 9-25. What is the most striking difference? Write a one-sentence answer.
1 point.

6. List three natural resources that organisms need that could be limited. 1 point.

7. Give three examples of organisms demonstrating variations within their populations. 1 point.

8. Explain orthogenesis-using fig. 9-26. Why is orthogenesis a challenge? 1 point.

9. Examine fig. 9-29. Why is this case called sexual selection? Give two other examples of sexual
selection. 1 point.

10. Why are mammals a good example of catastropic species selection? Support your answer with
evidence. 2 points.

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