The Animal-Like Protista




BIO190: The Class: Kingdom Protista: Lesson 12

The Animal-Like Protista

All life activities of protozoa are carried out within the limits of a single plasma membrane.
To learn more about Protozoa, visit this site: Protozoa

Characteristics

The organisms referred to as protozoa have one single, negative characteristic: they are not multi-cellular.
Other characteristics of protozoan phlya include:

unicellular
mostly microscopic
Open this site for more information on Microscopy: Integrated Microscopy Resource
no organs or tissues, but
1. specialized organelles
associations with other life forms
1. free living
2. multalistic
3. commensalistic
4. parasitic
5. epizoic
locomotion modes
1. pseudopodia
2. cilia
3. flagella
4. sessile
Skeletal support
1. exoskeleton in some
2. mostly without
nutritional modes
1. autotrophic
2. heterotrophic
  1. saprozoic
  2. coprozoic
  3. predaceous
  4. parasitic
reproduction modes
1. asexually
  1. fission
    1. binary
      Images of Cell Division
    2. multiple
  2. budding
  3. cysts
2. sexually
  1. gametes
    1. isogametes
    2. anisogametes
      syngamy
3. conjugation (fig. 12-26).
  (nuclei : gametic)

Form and Function

nucleus
1. macro/micro
2. chromosomes
3. nucleolus
cytoplasm
1. locomotion
  1. cilia (c)
    (also produce water currents for otaining food)
  2. flagella (f)
    1. differences between f and c
    2. similarities between f and c
    3. see p. 216
  3. pseudopodia
    (types (p. 217-218))
2. excretion/osmoregulation
  1. contractile vacuole
  2. diffusion through cell membrane
3. excystment/encystment(see p. 222)

Representatives

Phylum Sarcomastigophora
Subphylum Mastigophora
1. phytoflagellates (fig. 12-11)
  1. Euglena (fig. 12-12)
    1. pellicle
    2. flagellum
    3. stigma
    4. chlorophyl
  2. Volvox (fig.12-13)
2. zooflagellates (fig. 12-14)
  1. Trypanosoma>http://jeffline.tju.edu/CWISO/microweb/parasitology/protozoa/protoz>Trypanosoma rhodiense
  2. Trypansoma
  3. Trichomonas
  4. Giardia
3. Subphylum Sarcodina (fig 12-16)
  1. Amoeba
    1. pseudopodia
    2. food/contractile vacuoles
      (fig. 12-18)
Phylum Apicomplexa
1. apical complex (fig. 12-19)
2. spore
  1. Class Sporozoea
    1. Eimeria
    2. Toxoplasma
    3. Plasmodium (fig. 12-20)
Phylum Ciliophora
1. (fig. 12-21)
2. Paramecium
  1. macro/micro nucleoi
  2. pellicle
  3. trichocysts
  4. cilia
  5. oral groove
  6. gullet
  7. cytoproct
  8. contractile vacuole/ radiating canals
Phylogeny/adaptive radiation (p.235).

Once you have completed the lesson, you should go to Assignment 12-1.

E-mail Sylvester Allred at Syl.Allred@nau.edu