Spanish

Spanish

Borderlands Settlement

Institutional Framework

1. Laws of the Indies

2. Mission-Presidio Complex

3. Civil Communities

a. Ciudades, Villas, Pueblos

b. Town Form

Florida

Cuba

Exploration, De Leon, De Soto

St. Augustine, (St. John-FR), Galleons

Camino Real

Final Transfer 1819 Adams-Onis

New Mexico

Mexico City

Cabeza de Vaca, Coronado (Cibola), Onate

Santa Fe

Paseo del Norte

Taos-Socorro-Pecos-Acoma/Rebellion

Pimeria Alta

Missions and Jesuits/Franciscans, San Xavier Del Bac

Revolt and Presidios Tubac, Tucson

San Pedro, Santa Cruz Valleys

Texas (Tejas)

French Rivalry

1. Lacava Bay, Nachitoches vs. Los Adaes, Nacodoches

Lasting Mission-Presidios, Ex.San Antonio-Alamo

Alta California

Russian Threat

Mission-Presidios

1. 1823 21 Missions

Civil

1. San Jose, Los Angeles, Branciforte

Land Grants and Water

1. Encomiendas, Estancias/Haciendas/Ranchos, Empresarios

2. Appropriation

Boundary Changes

1. Adams-Onis, Mexican Independence, Texas Revolt and Annexation

2. Mexican-American War and Cession, Gadsden Purchase